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. 2015 Dec 10;2015:263630. doi: 10.1155/2015/263630

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Antiviral activity of BA on A/PR/8/34 replication in human PBMC. A/PR/8/34 infected PBMC were treated with gradient concentration of BA at 0 μM, 0.1 μM, 1 μM, 10 μM, 100 μM, and 1 mM for 48 h at 37°C. (a) Viruses in the culture supernatants were collected and then titrated by use of an MDCK plaque assay to determine the virus titers. The percent inhibition rate was calculated by using the following formula: % Inhibition = (1 − Infective titer of BA treated virus/infective titer of nontreatment virus) × 100%. (b) Total RNA was isolated from PBMC and subjected to RT-PCR. The RT-PCR of A/PR/8/34 was analyzed on 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. (c) Viral titers of A/PR/8/34 in PBMC treated with PBS (⋄), 1 mM BA (○), 1 mM BA with 25 μM oligo I (□), and 1 mM BA with 25 μM oligo II (△) were determined at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h.p.i. Each data shows mean ± SE of three respective determinations.  ∗Levels of significance of P < 0.05 against control infected PBMC,  ∗∗levels of significance of P < 0.01 against control infected PBMC cells.