Table 1.
Summary of the studies showing the regulation of peroxiredoxin genes (prx) or protein (Prx) expression after common immune stimuli in fish.
| Fish Species | Stimulant | Effect | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) | Mitogens | ConA, PHA | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | [47] |
| PAMPs | LPS | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | ||
| CpG ODNs | ↑ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | |||
| Poly I:C | ↑ prx2 in HKLs | |||
| Bacteria | V. anguillarum | ↑ prx1 in HKLs | ||
| P. damselae | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | |||
| Virus | NNV | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | ||
| ↑ prx1, prx2 in vivo | ||||
| Parasite | E. leei | ↑ prx1, prx2, prx3, prx5 in exposed fish and parasite-free | [46] | |
| ↓ prx1, prx2, prx3, prx, prx6 in parasitized fish | ||||
| ≈ prx4 | ||||
| European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) | Mitogens | ConA, PHA | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | [47] |
| PAMPs | LPS | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | ||
| CpG ODNs | ↑ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | |||
| Poly I:C | ↑ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | |||
| Bacteria | V. anguillarum | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | ||
| P. damselae | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | |||
| Virus | NNV | ≈ prx1, prx2 in HKLs | ||
| ↑ prx2 in vivo | ||||
| Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) | Bacteria | A. hydrophyla | ↑ prx1 in spleen | [62] |
| E. tarda | ↑ prx1 and Prx1 in spleen | [63] | ||
| Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) | PAMPs | LPS | ↑ prx1 in spleen | [45] |
| Spotted green pufferfish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) | PAMPs | LPS | ↑ prx1, prx2 in spleen | [40] |
| Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | Virus | SVCV | ↑ prx1 and prx2 in PBLs | [44] |
| ↓ prx1 in gills | ||||
| ↓ prx2 in HK | ||||
| ↑ Prx2 | ||||
| Lamprey (Lampetra japonica) | PAMPs | LPS | ↑ prx2 in spleen | [38] |
| Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) | PAMPs | LPS | ≈ Prx1 in MØ | [56] |
| ↑ Prx1 in RTS11 | ||||
| Zymosan | ≈ Prx1 in MØ | |||
| Bacteria | V. ordalii | ↑ Prx1 in MØ | ||
| Virus | VHSV | ↑ prx1 in B, HK | [58] | |
| ↑ prx1 in RTS11 | [57] | |||
| ↑ prx1 in PBLs | [59] | |||
| ISAV | ≈ Prx1 in RTS11 | [56] | ||
| Parasite | C. rogercresseyi | ↑ Prx1 in spleen, HK | ||
| Vaccine | VHSV DNA vaccine + infection | ↑ prx1 | [58] | |
| Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) | Virus | IHNV | ↓ Prx2 | [52] |
| Parasite | N. perurans | ↓ prx1 in gill | [48] | |
| Large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) | Vaccine | V. alginolyticus, V. parahemolyticus, and A. hydrophila | ↑ Prx1, Prx2,Prx4 in spleen | [37] |
| Rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) | PAMPs | Poly I:C | ↑ prx6 in liver | [49] |
| Virus | Iridovirus | ↑ prx6 in liver | ||
| Miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) | Bacteria | V. anguillarum | ↑ prx2, prx3, prx4, prx5 in kidney, spleen | [35,36] |
| Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) | Bacteria | V. alginolytics | ↑ prx2 in gut | [33] |
| A. hydrophila | ↑ prx2 in all tissues | |||
| ↑ Prx2 in liver | ||||
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) | Bacteria | A. hydrophila | ↑ prx3 and prx5 in gill | [55] |
| ↑ Prx3 and Prx5 in gill | ||||
| Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) | PAMPs | Poly I:C | ↑ prx6 in liver, spleen | [34] |
| Bacteria | V. anguillarum | ↑ prx6 in liver, spleen | ||
| ↑ prx2 | [39] | |||
| S. iniae | ↑ prx6 in liver, spleen | [34] | ||
Abbreviations used: PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns; ConA, concanavalin A; PHA, phytohemagglutinin; CpG ODN, unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PBL, peripheral blood leucocytes; HK, Head-kidney; HKL, head-kidney leucocytes; MØ, macrophages; ISAV, infectious salmon anemia virus; SVCV, spring viremia of carp virus; VHSV, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus; NNV, nodavirus; IHNV, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus.