Table 4.

Perioperative complications for the 2 groups n (%)

	LRR (n = 492)	ORR (n = 424)	χ2	P value
Occurrence rate of perioperative complications	19.3% (95/492)	24.1% (102/424)	3.041	0.081
Intraoperative complications	10 (2)	4 (0.9)	1.795	0.180
Massive hemorrhage (> 1000 mL)	2 (0.41)	1 (0.24)
Organ injury	3 (0.61)	2 (0.47)
Equipment disorders	4 (0.81)	0
Other	3 (0.61)	1 (0.24)
Post-operative complications	85 (17.3)	98 (23.31)	4.853	0.028
Anastomotic leakage	24 (4.88)	15 (3.54)
Wound infection	7 (1.42)	27 (6.37)
Ileus	8 (1.63)	9 (2.12)
Anastomotic hemorrhage	3 (0.61)	2 (0.47)
Pelvic abscess	1 (0.20)	1 (0.24)
Abdominal hemorrhage	7 (1.42)	4 (0.94)
Peritonitis/septic shock	9 (1.83)	7 (1.65)
Incisional/port herniation	4 (0.81)	10 (2.36)
Deep vein thrombosis	1 (0.20)	0
Lymphatic fistula	1 (0.20)	0
Pulmonary infection	8 (1.63)	2 (0.47)
Acute cardiac failure	2 (0.41)	10 (2.36)
Urinary infection	4 (0.81)	4 (0.94)
Incision split	4 (0.81)	5 (1.18)
Sudden death	2 (0.41)	2 (0.47)

LRR: Laparoscopy in radical resection; ORR: Open radical resection.