Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of the study sample pooled over seven years (2005–2011) in the Korean Labour and Income Panel Study
| Men | Women | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%a) | N (%) | p-valueb | % | |
| Number of individuals | 1072(67.9) | 506(32.1) | 100.0 | |
| Number of observations | 6432(67.9) | 3036(32.1) | 100.0 | |
| Age | ||||
| 20–45 | 4137(64.3) | 1957(64.5) | 64.4 | |
| ≥46 | 2295(35.7) | 1079(35.5) | 0.89 | 35.6 |
| Self-rated healthc | ||||
| Good | 4458(69.3) | 1855(61.1) | 66.7 | |
| Poor | 1974(30.7) | 1181(38.9) | <0.001 | 33.3 |
| Working hours | ||||
| 20–35 h | 206(3.2) | 197(6.5) | 4.3 | |
| 36–40 h | 1414(22.0) | 739(24.3) | 22.7 | |
| 41–52 h | 2617(40.7) | 1290(42.5) | 41.3 | |
| 53–68 h | 1564(24.3) | 611(20.1) | 23.0 | |
| ≥69 h | 631(9.8) | 199(6.6) | <0.001 | 8.8 |
| Working days | ||||
| ≤5 days | 3482(54.1) | 1341(44.2) | 51.0 | |
| >5 days | 2950(45.9) | 1695(55.8) | <0.001 | 49.1 |
| Job status | ||||
| Regular | 5553(86.3) | 2426(80.0) | 84.3 | |
| Temporary | 227(4.3) | 314(10.3) | 6.2 | |
| Day labor | 602(9.4) | 296(9.8) | <0.001 | 9.5 |
| Work Schedule | ||||
| Day work | 957(14.9) | 200(6.6) | 12.2 | |
| Shift/night work | 5475(85.1) | 2836(93.4) | <0.001 | 87.8 |
| Job satisfaction | ||||
| Yes | 5865(91.2) | 2839(93.5) | 92.0 | |
| No | 567(8.8) | 197(6.5) | 0.001 | 8.1 |
| Industry | ||||
| Agriculture, fishing, mining and construction | 1068(16.6) | 113(3.7) | 12.5 | |
| Manufacturing | 1994(31.0) | 697(23.0) | 28.5 | |
| Retailer, restaurant and hotel | 647(10.1) | 596(19.7) | 13.1 | |
| Financing, estate, transportation and information | 1050(16.3) | 317(10.5) | 14.5 | |
| Health, social, educational and household services | 1667(25.9) | 1309(43.2) | <0.001 | 31.5 |
| Occupation | ||||
| Manager and professional | 1537(24.1) | 792(26.1) | 24.7 | |
| White collar workers | 1650(25.8) | 1269(41.8) | 40.0 | |
| Manual workers | 3203(50.1) | 975(32.1) | <0.001 | 44.3 |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 899(14.0) | 825(27.2) | 18.2 | |
| High school | 2414(37.5) | 952(31.4) | 35.6 | |
| University or more | 3119(48.5) | 1259(41.5) | <0.001 | 46.2 |
| Monthly wage | ||||
| 1 (lowest quintile) | 270(4.2) | 810(26.7) | 11.4 | |
| 2 | 565(8.8) | 876(28.9) | 15.2 | |
| 3 | 1238(19.3) | 523(17.2) | 18.6 | |
| 4 | 1926(29.9) | 425(14.0) | 24.8 | |
| 5 (highest quintile) | 2433(37.8) | 402(13.2) | <0.001 | 29.9 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Yes | 3586(55.8) | 35(1.2) | 38.2 | |
| No | 2846(44.3) | 3001(98.9) | <0.001 | 61.8 |
| Drinking | ||||
| Yes | 5453(84.8) | 1624(53.5) | 74.8 | |
| No | 979(15.2) | 1412(46.5) | <0.001 | 25.3 |
a%: row frequency apart from number of observations and individuals
b p-value was obtained from Chi-square test
cFor self-rated health, data were pooled over a period between 2006 and 2011, but for all other measures between 2005 and 2010