Table 3.

Mean Frequency (± standard deviation) of RIAS Discussion Elements and Global Affect Ratings* by CR Referral, in Descending Order

	Patient CR Referral
Code	Total N=50	Referred to CR n=35 (70.0%)	Not Referred to CR n=15 (30.0%)	p
HCP: Gives information- therapeutic	38.38±36.97	42.29±37.91	29.27±34.14	0.08
Pt: Shows agreement, understanding	33.20±29.44	36.26±30.59	26.07±26.13	0.20
HCP: Counsels- medical/therapeutic	14.20±19.98	16.29±20.99	9.33±17.04	0.14
HCP: Shows agreement, understanding	11.94±12.81	13.37±14.68	8.60±5.84	0.35
Pt: Gives information- lifestyle	10.16±12.84	8.89±12.27	13.13±14.07	0.30
HCP: Back-channels	9.84±9.10	9.11±9.81	11.53±7.22	0.09
Pt: Gives information- medical	8.86±12.50	9.49±14.31	7.40±6.76	0.53
Pt: Gives information- therapeutic	8.10±8.15	7.83±7.93	8.73±8.91	0.77
HCP: Counsels- lifestyle/ psychosocial	6.82±17.38	8.60±20.46	2.67±3.70	0.41
HCP: Paraphrase, checks for understanding	6.52±9.36	6.97±10.70	5.47±5.21	1.00
HCP: Gives information- medical	6.28±10.41	7.20±11.70	4.13±6.32	0.34
HCP: Gives information- lifestyle	5.82±7.44	5.63±6.76	6.27±9.09	0.75
HCP: Reassures, optimism	5.32±6.52	4.80±6.97	6.53±5.34	0.06
HCP: gives orientation, instructions	5.08±8.67	5.91±10.11	3.13±3.02	0.66
HCP: Ask for understanding	4.50±6.53	5.09±7.31	3.13±4.07	0.45
Pt: Interest/ attentiveness*	4.36±0.69	4.29±0.67	4.53±0.74	0.17
Pt: Paraphrase, checks for understanding	3.82±4.65	4.20±4.95	2.93±3.90	0.24
HCP: Friendliness/ warmth	3.82±0.69	3.89±0.72	3.67±0.62	0.33
HCP: Interactivity*	3.72±0.88	3.89±0.83	3.33±0.90	<.05
Pt: Friendliness/warmth	3.72±0.70	3.71±0.71	3.73±0.70	0.91
HCP: Responsiveness/ engagement	3.70±0.84	3.80±0.83	3.47±0.83	0.22
HCP: Sympathetic/ empathetic	3.62±0.60	3.57±0.61	3.73±0.59	0.35
Pt: All questions –therapeutic	3.54±4.90	4.00±5.49	2.47±3.04	0.41
HCP: Dominance/ assertiveness	3.44±0.54	3.51±0.51	3.27±0.59	0.17
Pt: Interactivity	3.30±0.79	3.37±0.81	3.13±0.74	0.40
Pt: Responsiveness /engagement	3.28±0.70	3.37±0.69	3.07±0.70	0.20
HCP: Hurried/ rushed	3.28±1.34	3.11±1.32	3.67±1.35	0.14
Pt: Dominance/ assertiveness	3.22±0.51	3.20±0.53	3.27±0.46	0.72
HCP: Concern, worry	3.16±5.34	3.66±6.03	2.00±3.02	0.59
Pt: Reassures, optimism	3.04±2.70	2.63±2.18	4.00±3.55	0.27
HCP: Respectfulness	3.02±0.14	3.03±0.17	3.00±0.00	0.51
Pt: Respectfulness	3.00±0.29	2.97±0.30	3.07±0.26	0.28
Pt: Sympathetic/empathetic	2.98±0.14	2.97±0.17	3.00±0.00	0.51
HCP: Approval- direct	2.86±3.72	2.71±3.74	3.20±3.78	0.70
Pt: Laughs, tell jokes	2.84±4.42	2.83±4.36	2.87±4.72	0.82
HCP: Closed question- medical	2.80±4.65	3.06±5.37	2.20±2.24	0.40
HCP: Gives information- psychosocial	2.38±8.51	3.00±10.03	0.93±2.46	0.95
HCP: Closed question- lifestyle	2.18±4.22	2.46±4.49	1.53±3.56	0.39
HCP: Transitions	2.06±2.45	2.37±2.67	1.33±1.72	0.20
HCP: Closed question- therapeutic	2.04±3.14	2.40±3.63	1.20±1.21	0.69
Pt: Approval- direct	2.02±2.85	1.80±2.23	2.53±4.00	0.55
Pt: Unintelligible utterance	2.00±3.21	2.06±3.69	1.87±1.77	0.39
Pt: Gives information -psychosocial	2.00±4.38	1.66±2.87	2.80±6.81	0.44
Pt: Concern, worry	1.80±2.23	1.37±1.86	2.80±2.73	<.05
HCP: Laughs, tells jokes	1.72±2.29	1.71±2.38	1.73±2.12	0.95
HCP: Personal remarks	1.68±2.90	1.54±2.76	2.00±3.30	0.77
HCP: Asks for opinion	1.66±2.02	1.91±2.06	1.07±1.83	<.05
Pt: Anxiety/ nervousness	1.44±0.64	1.40±0.60	1.53±0.74	0.60
Pt: Personal remarks	1.14±1.97	0.97±1.67	1.53±2.56	0.54
Patient: Anger/ irritation	1.02±0.14	1.03±0.17	1.00±0.00	0.51
HCP: Anger/ irritation	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00
HCP: Anxiety/ nervousness	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00
Pt: Emotional distress/ upset	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00
Pt: Depression/ sadness	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00±0.00	1.00
Pt: Transitions	0.86±1.21	0.83±1.36	0.93±0.80	0.21
HCP: Gives information -other	0.76±2.08	0.51±1.17	1.33±3.35	0.50
HCP: Open question -medical	0.72±1.75	0.80±1.97	0.53±1.13	0.75
Pt: All questions -lifestyle	0.62±0.95	0.74±1.07	0.33±0.49	0.30
Pt: All questions -medical	0.52±1.34	0.60±1.54	0.33±0.72	0.77
HCP: Unintelligible	0.52±0.95	0.40±0.74	0.80±1.32	0.49
Pt: Asks for understanding	0.50±0.84	0.46±0.85	0.60±0.83	0.44
Pt: Gives orientation, instructions	0.50±0.95	0.54±1.04	0.40±0.74	0.68
HCP: Open question -therapeutic	0.46±0.95	0.60±1.09	0.13±0.35	0.13
Pt: Gives information -other	0.46±1.33	0.49±1.44	0.40±1.06	0.54
Pt: Disagreement, criticism-direct	0.42±0.93	0.37±0.81	0.53±1.19	0.89
Pt: Open question -lifestyle	0.34±1.47	0.43±1.74	0.13±0.35	0.94
HCP: Closed question -other	0.32±1.08	0.37±1.26	0.20±0.41	0.73
HCP: Disagreement, criticism - direct	0.24±0.56	0.20±0.47	0.33±0.72	0.70
HCP: Self-disclosure	0.20±0.64	0.23±0.73	0.13±0.35	0.91
HCP: Asks for reassurance	0.20±0.49	0.20±0.47	0.20±0.56	0.79
HCP: Legitimation statements	0.20±0.64	0.17±0.57	0.27±0.80	0.82
Pt: Asks for reassurance	0.18±0.56	0.14±0.55	0.27±0.59	0.27
Pt: Compliment -general	0.16±0.51	0.20±0.58	0.07±0.26	0.57
Pt: All questions -psychosocial	0.16±0.62	0.20±0.72	0.07±0.26	0.79
HCP: Bid for repetition	0.14±0.53	0.14±0.55	0.13±0.52	0.84
HCP: Compliment- general	0.14±0.64	0.03±0.17	0.40±1.12	0.14
Pt: Disagreement, criticism-general	0.14±0.40	0.14±0.43	0.13±0.35	0.88
HCP: Closed question -psychosocial	0.12±0.33	0.09±0.28	0.20±0.41	0.26
HCP: Asks for permission	0.12±0.39	0.17±0.45	0.00±0.00	0.13
HCP: Open question -psychosocial	0.12±0.39	0.14±0.43	0.07±0.26	0.60
HCP: Partnership statements	0.12±0.33	0.11±0.32	0.13±0.35	0.85
Pt: All questions -other	0.10±0.36	0.09±0.37	0.13±0.35	0.39
HCP: Empathy statements	0.08±0.34	0.06±0.34	0.13±0.35	0.17
HCP: Disagreements, criticism -general	0.06±0.31	0.09±0.37	0.00±0.00	0.35
Pt: Bid for repetition	0.02±0.14	0.00±0.00	0.07±0.26	0.13

Note: Pt: Patient; HCP: Healthcare Provider; RIAS: Roter Analysis Interaction System

^aMann-Whitney U comparing mean frequency of RIAS utterances by CR referral

^bRIAS coding categories not used: Pt talk- Asks for service; Pt talk- Legitimation statements; Pt talk-Empathy statements; HCP talk- Open question- other