Table 6.
Associations between live births among transfer cycles and quartiles of geometric means of specific gravity-adjusted urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations among men whose partner underwent IVF
| Phthalate metabolite quartiles | N | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Confounder- adjusted* OR (95% CI) | Confounder- and female phthalate-adjusted† OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEP (ng/ml) | 88/211 | |||
| 1 (≤26.01) | 24/52 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (26.02–57.07) | 22/53 | 0.99 (0.41 – 2.41) | 1.05 (0.43 – 2.55) | 1.11 (0.44 – 2.83) |
| 3 (57.08–140) | 23/53 | 0.83 (0.35 – 1.97) | 1.11 (0.45 – 2.71) | 1.09 (0.42 – 2.82) |
| 4 (141–15,634) | 19/53 | 0.61 (0.25 – 1.45) | 0.58 (0.24 – 1.39) | 0.67 (0.26 – 1.73) |
| P-trend | 0.20 | 0.13 | 0.25 | |
| MBP (ng/ml) | 84/199 | |||
| 1 (≤7.42) | 18/49 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (7.43–13.74) | 27/50 | 2.37 (0.94 – 5.96) | 2.52 (1.00 – 6.36) | 2.83 (1.04 – 7.70) |
| 3 (13.75–23.13) | 23/51 | 1.42 (0.57 – 3.53) | 1.47 (0.59 – 3.66) | 1.98 (0.69 – 5.70) |
| 4 (23.14–4,756) | 16/49 | 0.80 (0.32 – 2.01) | 0.79 (0.31 – 2.00) | 1.07 (0.37 – 3.14) |
| P-trend | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.47 | |
| MiBP (ng/ml) | 88/211 | |||
| 1 (≤4.33) | 21/51 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (4.34–7.54) | 27/53 | 1.61 (0.66 – 3.93) | 1.68 (0.69 – 4.12) | 1.97 (0.77 – 5.05) |
| 3 (7.55–12.46) | 19/54 | 0.73 (0.29 – 1.81) | 0.69 (0.28 – 1.71) | 0.87 (0.33 – 2.33) |
| 4 (12.47–191) | 21/53 | 0.92 (0.37 – 2.25) | 0.90 (0.37 – 2.20) | 1.15 (0.40 – 3.31) |
| P-trend | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.71 | |
| MBzP (ng/ml) | 88/211 | |||
| 1 (≤2.10) | 24/52 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (2.11–4.06) | 18/53 | 0.72 (0.30 – 1.77) | 0.77 (0.32 – 1.88) | 0.88 (0.34 – 2.26) |
| 3 (4.07–7.02) | 23/53 | 0.82 (0.35 – 1.93) | 0.88 (0.37 – 2.08) | 1.11 (0.44 – 2.85) |
| 4 (7.03–176) | 23/53 | 0.91 (0.39 – 2.16) | 0.89 (0.38 – 2.11) | 1.10 (0.41 – 2.93) |
| P-trend | 0.93 | 0.96 | 0.76 | |
| MCPP (ng/ml) | 88/211 | |||
| 1 (≤2.31) | 23/53 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (2.32–4.11) | 30/52 | 1.77 (0.74 – 4.24) | 1.90 (0.79 – 4.58) | 2.00 (0.80 – 4.99) |
| 3 (4.12–8.16) | 21/53 | 0.85 (0.35 – 2.07) | 0.91 (0.37 – 2.23) | 0.97 (0.37 – 2.55) |
| 4 (8.17–56.34) | 14/53 | 0.42 (0.17 – 1.07) | 0.45 (0.18 – 1.14) | 0.49 (0.18 – 1.35) |
| P-trend | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
| ΣDEHP (μmol/L) | 88/211 | |||
| 1 (≤0.118) | 23/51 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (0.119–0.219) | 24/55 | 0.86 (0.36 – 2.04) | 0.91 (0.38 – 2.16) | 0.84 (0.32 – 2.20) |
| 3 (0.220–0.620) | 23/52 | 0.97 (0.40 – 2.35) | 0.96 (0.40 – 2.31) | 0.86 (0.31 – 2.36) |
| 4 (0.630–20.51) | 18/53 | 0.56 (0.23 – 1.38) | 0.59 (0.24 – 1.47) | 0.50 (0.17 – 1.50) |
| P-trend | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0.17 | |
| MCOP (ng/ml) | 80/190 | |||
| 1 (≤9.72) | 24/46 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (9.73–24.43) | 23/49 | 0.78 (0.31 – 1.94) | 0.78 (0.31 – 1.95) | 0.70 (0.25 – 1.98) |
| 3 (24.44–71.10) | 20/48 | 0.57 (0.23 – 1.45) | 0.55 (0.22 – 1.40) | 0.46 (0.15 – 1.39) |
| 4 (71.11–813) | 13/47 | 0.36 (0.14 – 0.95) | 0.36 (0.14 – 0.96) | 0.28 (0.08 – 0.94) |
| P-trend | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.049 | |
| MCNP (ng/ml) | 80/190 | |||
| 1 (≤2.75) | 22/47 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2 (2.76–4.54) | 20/49 | 0.54 (0.21 – 1.37) | 0.51 (0.20 – 1.30) | 0.54 (0.19 – 1.52) |
| 3 (4.56–8.60) | 20/47 | 0.67 (0.26 – 1.73) | 0.76 (0.29 – 1.98) | 0.76 (0.26 – 2.26) |
| 4 (8.61–130) | 18/47 | 0.58 (0.22 – 1.51) | 0.55 (0.21 – 1.45) | 0.67 (0.22 – 2.07) |
| P-trend | 0.53 | 0.48 | 0.84 |
*
All models were adjusted for maternal age; overall cycle number and maternal smoking (ever vs. never) were additionally adjusted for in the models for MEP and MCNP
†
These models were additionally adjusted for maternal urinary phthalate metabolite concentration