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. 2015 Nov 26;16(12):28180–28193. doi: 10.3390/ijms161226093

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© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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PPARγ antagonist alleviated the inhibitory effects of evodiamine on PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMC migration. VSMCs were pretreated with 0.5 μM evodiamine for 6 h and then stimulated with 10 ng/mL PDGF-BB for 24 h (wound healing) or 6 h (transwell). 10 μM T0070907 was given 0.5 h in advance of evodiamine treatment when required. Cell migration was measured by using a wound healing assay (A) or a Boyden chamber transwell assay (B). In Panel B, blue color indicates cell nuclei stained with DAPI. Evo, evodiamine. T, T0070907. Data are represented as mean values ± SD of three independently prepared samples each with five measurements. ** p < 0.01 compared with the control group; ^## p < 0.01 compared with the PDGF-BB-stimulated group; ^$$ p < 0.01 compared with the group treated with both evodiamine and PDGF-BB.