Table 1.

Body composition and metabolic characteristics before and after weight gain

	Before	After
Body mass index (kg/m2)	34.6±3.5	36.6±3.7*
Body weight (kg)	96.8±13.8	102.4±14.6*
Fat-free mass (kg)	52.5±11.0	54.1±11.3*
Fat mass (kg)	43.8±6.8	47.7±7.1*
Body fat mass (%)	45.5±5.8	46.8±5.3*
Visceral adipose tissue (g)	1057 (902, 1239)	1183 (1012, 1381)*
Intrahepatic triglyceride content (%)	4.8 (3.3, 7.0)	7.1 (4.7, 10.7)*
Glucose (mg/dL)	97 (94, 100)	99 (96, 103)
Insulin (mU/L)	13 (10, 16)	15 (11, 19)*
HOMA-IR	3.1 (2.4, 4.0)	3.7 (2.8, 4.8)*
Free fatty acid (μmol/L)	350±80	360±90
Free fatty acid Ra (μmol/min)	300±69	305±72
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	110±48	126±51*
Apolipoprotein B100 (mg/dL)	82±22	89±25§
β-hydroxybutyrate (μmol/L)	79 (52, 121)	46 (37, 58)*
Respiratory quotient	0.73±0.03	0.76±0.05**
Fat oxidation (g/kg/d)	1.5±0.4	1.3±0.4**
Carbohydrate oxidation (g/kg/d)	0.6±0.6	0.9±1.0**

Values are mean ± SD or 95% CIs.

HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; Ra, rate of appearance.

Value significantly different than corresponding value before weight gain:

^*P<0.001,

^**P<0.05,

^§P=0.07.