Fig. 1. Summary of published study designs for the long-term trials with bisphosphonate treatments with fracture-related end points.[11,12,13] ALD, alendronate; FIT, fracture intervention trial; RCT, randomized controlled trial; FLEX, fracture intervention trial long-term extension trial; RISE, risedronate; VERT-MN, vertebral efficacy with risedronate therapy-multinational; HORIZON-PFT, health outcomes and reduced incidence with zoledronic acid once yearly-pivotal fracture trial; ZOL, zoledronic acid.