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Nitrite compensates for a dysregulated arginine-NOS-NO axis in the setting of vascular injury and inflammation. Following angioplasty injury, vessels express increase in levels of arginase-1 with increased activity and decreased activity of NOS enzymes. However, increased expression and activity of XOR can lead to increased NO production from the reduction of nitrite. NOS, nitric oxide synthase; XOR, xanthine oxidoreductase.
