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. 2015 Oct 11;25(1):1–12. doi: 10.1089/scd.2015.0262

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© Angshumonik Angbohang, et al., 2015; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.

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FIG. 4. — Induction of photoreceptor differentiation by FTRI causes changes in the expression of the Wnt signaling components WNT2B, β-catenin, and DKK1 in hMSC. (A) Culture of hMSC with FTRI for 7 days caused a significant increase in the expression of WNT2B mRNA, while no changes in the expression of WNT5B were observed in these cells. Histograms represent the mean ± SEM from UV spectrophotometer readings of gel bands. Representative bands are shown above the histograms; n = 5. Student's t-test, ***P < 0.001. (B) Quantification of the secreted ligands, as measured by ELISA, showed that both WNT2B and WNT5B were significantly increased in culture supernatants of hMSC treated with FTRI for 7 days; n = 3. Student's t-test, *P < 0.05. (C) Western blotting analysis showed that the ratio of phospho-β-catenin/β-catenin was decreased by FTRI treatment of hMSC. Histograms represent the mean ± SEM of the relative optical density readings of gel bands. Representative bands are shown above the histograms; n = 5. Student's t-test, *P < 0.05. pβ-catenin=phospho-β-catenin. (D) A significant increase in the expression of DKK1 mRNA was observed in hMSC cultured with FTRI for 7 days; n = 3. Student's t-test, *P < 0.05. ns, not significant; FTRI, FGF2, taurine, retinoic acid and insulin-like growth factor type1.