Exhibit 5. Changes in Clinical Outcomes for Young Adult Trauma Patients Ages 19-25 vs 26-34, before and after the ACA-DCP.

	Ages 19-25		Ages 26-34		Unadjusted difference in change between age groups	Risk adjusted difference in change between age groups (95% CI)1	p value for between-group difference
	Before ACA-DCP	After ACA-DCP	Before ACA-DCP	After ACA-DCP
Clinical outcomes among young adult trauma patients
Mortality (per 100K)2	2876	2626	2660	2426	-15	44 (-94, 183)	0.53
ICU stay (days)3	5.11	5.01	5.34	5.24	-0.01	0.01 (-0.15, 0.12)	0.85
Discharge to rehabilitation facility (%)4	10.1%	10.3%	10.6%	10.8%	0.0%	0.0% (-0.3, 0.3)	0.89

SOURCE: National Trauma Data Bank, 2007-2009 & 2011-2012. NOTE: ACA, Affordable Care Act; DCP, dependent coverage provision; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit. 1. Risk adjusted models for clinical outcomes adjusted for age, year, facility, gender, race, injury severity, injury mechanism, traumatic brain injury, level-1 trauma center status, teaching status, for-profit status, and safety-net hospital status; 2. n= Entire sample, excluding dead on arrival: 832,876; 3. n= Patients with any ICU stay: 204,981; 4. n= Patients surviving to discharge: 618,063.

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01,

^***p < 0.001