Table 1. Baseline patients’ characteristics in the two study arms.
| Characteristic | PGX Arm | Control Arm | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 88 | 92 | |
| Age, yr, median (range) a | 71 (39–84) | 75 (48–88) | |
| Males, n(%) | 58 (65.9) | 60 (65.2) | |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (range) | 26.89 (19.47–52.71) | 29.79 (18.50–35.16) | |
| BSA, m2,median (range) b | 1.97 (1.51–2.45) | 1.88 (1.50–2.29) | |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 8 (9.1) | 10 (10.8) | |
| Current coffee drinkers, n (%) | 68 (77.2) | 66 (71.7) | |
| Current alcohol drinkers, n (%) | 16 (18.2) | 16 (17.4) | |
| CHADS2 score, n (%) | 0 | 16 (18.2) | 12 (13.1) |
| 1 | 33 (37.5) | 30 (32.6) | |
| 2 | 25 (28.4) | 37 (40.2) | |
| > 2 | 14 (15.9) | 13 (14.1) | |
| CYP2C9, n (%) | *1*1 | 52 (59.1) | 59 (64.1) |
| *1*2 | 17 (19.3) | 20 (21.7) | |
| *1*3 | 12 (13.6) | 8 (8.7) | |
| *2*2 | 2 (2.3) | 2 (2.2) | |
| *2*3 | 2 (2.3) | 2 (2.2) | |
| *3*3 | 3 (3.4) | 1 (1.1) | |
| VKORC1–1639, n (%) | GG | 28 (31.8) | 30 (32.6) |
| GA | 46 (52.3) | 49 (53.3) | |
| AA | 14 (15.9) | 13 (14.1) | |
| CYP4F2, n (%) | *1*1 | 38 (43.2) | 43 (46.7) |
| *1*3 | 38 (43.2) | 36 (39.2) | |
| *3*3 | 12 (13.6) | 13 (14.1) | |
| Follow-up, d, median (range) | 397 (30–1037) | 359 (30–984) |
ap = 0.023 for age
bp = 0.009 for BSA. PGX = pharmacogenetic; BMI = Body Mass Index calculated using the Quetelet formula [Weight (kg) / height (m)2]; BSA = Body Surface Area calculated using the DuBois & DuBois equation [Weight (kg) 0.425 x height (cm) 0.725 / 139.2]; Patients were classified as smokers or non-smokers and coffee or non-coffee-drinkers based on their current habits, irrespective of the number of cigarettes smoked or cups of coffee drunk daily. Patients who currently consumed 20grams of alcohol or more per day were considered alcohol consumers. CHADS2 score was calculated as described elsewhere [24] taking into account Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 years, Diabetes mellitus and prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack; CYP2C9 and CYP4F2 alleles were defined according to “The Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Allele Nomenclature Database” at http://www.cypalleles.ki.se/.