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. 2015 Jun 4;29(1):114–122. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv079

Table 1.

Descriptive characteristics of ARIC visit 5 participants with PWV by race and sex

Caucasian African American
Men n = 1,694 Women n = 2,208 Men n = 363 Women n = 709
Mean ± SD or median (25th, 75th percentile) Mean ± SD or median (25th, 75th percentile) Mean ± SD or median (25th, 75th percentile) Mean ± SD or median (25th, 75th percentile)
Age (years) 75.8±5.1 75.3±5.0 74.4±4.9 74.5±5.0
Field center, n (%)
 Forsyth Co., NC 427 (25.2) 540 (24.5) 25 (6.9) 40 (5.6)
 Jackson, MS 0 0 338 (93.1) 669 (94.4)
 Minneapolis, MN 691 (40.8) 880 (39.9) 0 0
 Washington Co., MD 576 (34.0) 788 (35.7) 0 0
Education, n (%)
 <High school 146 (8.6) 199 (9.0) 108 (29.8) 186 (26.3)
 High school 498 (29.5) 932 (42.2) 63 (17.4) 167 (23.6)
 >High school 1,045 (61.9) 1,076 (48.8) 192 (52.9) 355 (50.1)
Current smoker, n (%) 94 (5.6) 123 (5.6) 29 (8.0) 44 (6.2)
Height (cm) 173.9±6.6 159.3±6.0 174.6±6.8 161.4±6.0
Weight (kg) 85.3±13.8 69.2±12.9 85.7±14.8 77.8±14.0
BMI (kg/m2) 28.2±4.0 27.3±4.7 28.1±4.5 29.8±4.9
Waist circumference (cm) 104.1±10.6 97.1±13.0 100.0±11.5 96.7±12.5
SBP (mm Hg) 127.9±16.5 129.9±17.8 131.8±17.8 135.0±18.4
DBP (mm Hg) 65.8±10.4 65.3±10.2 70.4±10.8 69.7±10.1
Pulse pressure (mm Hg) 62.0±13.1 64.6±14.7 61.4±13.6 65.3±15.3
Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) 86.5±11.1 86.9±11.3 90.9±11.9 91.5±11.3
Heart rate (bpm) 59.7±9.7 62.8±9.5 64.3±10.7 63.7±10.7
Hypertension, n (%) 1,155 (69.2) 1,505 (68.5) 294 (81.2) 630 (89.2)
HbA1c (%) 5.7 (5.4, 6.1) 5.7 (5.4, 5.9) 6.0 (5.6, 6.5) 6.0 (5.6, 6.4)
Fasting glucose (mmol/l) 6.0 (5.6, 6.8) 5.8 (5.3, 6.4) 5.9 (5.4, 6.8) 5.8 (5.3, 6.7)
Diabetes, n (%) 537 (31.9) 525 (24.0) 154 (43.0) 276 (39.3)
LDL (mmol/l) 2.4 (1.9, 3.0) 2.8 (2.2, 3.4) 2.5 (2.1, 3.2) 2.8 (2.3, 3.5)
HDL (mmol/l) 1.1 (1.0, 1.3) 1.4 (1.2, 1.7) 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) 1.4 (1.2, 1.7)
Triglycerides (mmol/l) 1.3 (0.9, 1.8) 1.3 (1.0, 1.8) 1.0 (0.8, 1.4) 1.1 (0.9, 1.4)
Prevalent coronary heart disease, n (%) 401 (24.0) 166 (7.7) 44 (12.3) 55 (7.9)
Prevalent heart failure, n (%) 72 (4.3) 61 (2.8) 24 (6.6) 29 (4.1)
Prevalent stroke, n (%) 52 (3.1) 44 (2.0) 21 (5.8) 31 (4.4)
Prevalent peripheral arterial disease (ABI <0.9), n (%) 36 (2.2) 29 (1.3) 23 (6.5) 40 (5.7)
Medication use, n (%)
 β-Blocker 532 (32.0) 637 (29.2) 81 (23.1) 155 (22.2)
 α-Blocker 59 (3.5) 49 (2.2) 17 (4.8) 43 (6.2)
 Diuretic 505 (30.3) 792 (36.3) 185 (52.7) 441 (63.1)
 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor 585 (35.1) 529 (24.2) 152 (43.3) 233 (33.3)
 Angiotensin receptor blocker 221 (13.3) 345 (15.8) 64 (18.2) 185 (26.5)
 Calcium channel blocker 345 (20.7) 431 (19.7) 134 (38.2) 302 (43.2)
Pulse wave velocity
 cfPWV (cm/s) 1,162.8±296.9 1,120.7±282.3 1,247.3±343.7 1,222.1±331.5
 baPWV (cm/s) 1,742.1±311.5 1,735.5±316.3 1,709.4±341.8 1,724.3±304.1
 faPWV (cm/s) 1,106.1±1788.8 1,114.3±178.0 1,049.0±187.2 1,051.8±176.0

Abbreviations: ABI, ankle-brachial index; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; BMI, body mass index; Co., county; cfPWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; faPWV, femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MD, Maryland; MN, Minnesota; MS, Mississippi; NC, North Carolina; PWV, pulse wave velocity; SBP, systolic blood pressure.