Table 3.

Student reported abilities and confidence with reconciling and optimizing patients’ medications

Categories	Time	Enrolled median (1st quartile, 3rd quartile)	Unadjusted P-value	Adjusted P-Value
Ability
Able to identify drug-related adverse effects	Pre	3 (2, 4)	0.01	NS
	Post	4 (3, 5)
Able to correct drug-related adverse effects	Pre	2 (2, 4)	0.006	NS
	Post	3 (3, 4)
Able to identify therapeutic duplication	Pre	3.5 (2, 4)	0.0002	0.005
	Post	5 (4, 5)
Able to identify therapeutic omission	Pre	2 (2, 4)	0.002	NS
	Post	4 (3, 5)
Able to evaluate medication appropriateness	Pre	3 (2, 4)	<0.0001	0.0026
	Post	4 (3, 5)
Able to develop medication monitoring plans	Pre	3 (2, 3)	<0.0001	0.0026
	Post	4 (3, 5)
Able to counsel patient on appropriate medication use	Pre	3 (2, 4)	<0.0001	0.0026
	Post	4 (4, 5)
Confidence/comfort level
Confidence to accurately perform MR	Pre	3 (2, 4)	0.001	0.026
	Post	4 (3, 4)
Confidence to accurately perform PTA	Pre	2 (2, 3)	0.006	NS
	Post	3 (2, 4)
PTA is challenging	Pre	5 (4, 5)	0.02	NS
	Post	4 (4, 5)
Overwhelmed by PTA	Pre	4 (4, 5)	0.09	NS
	Post	4 (3, 5)

Based on a 7-point Likert-type scale (0 to 6) with fixed terminal anchor responses

0 = less agreement with the statement

All values are represented as median (1st quartile, 3rd quartile). P-values represent comparison of enrolled student responses before and after the course

MR medication reconciliation, PTA pharmacotherapeutic assessments