FIG 4.
Free fatty acids (FFAs) do not stimulate Mono Mac 6 or HEK-TLR2 cytokines. A total of 106 Mono Mac 6 cells were infected with 50 μM UFFA. (A) TNF-α was determined after 4 h of stimulation. (B and C) IL-6 and IL-10 were determined after 24 h. (D) HEK-TLR2 cells were stimulated with 50 μM FFAs, and IL-8 release was measured after 18 h. The negative control was buffer with 10% DMSO; positive controls were 200 nM P3C and 1 nM P2C. The experiments in duplicate were conducted at least 3 times. Error bars indicate SEMs. Statistical significance was calculated to compare test groups and the positive control (P3C or P2C) with the negative control (DMSO) by using one-way ANOVA or Student's t test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.