. 2013 Feb;143(2):554–565. doi: 10.1378/chest.12-0731

Table 4.

—Average Effect Sizes Across 18 CBTi Trials

Outcome	Effect Size
Self-report sleep onset latency	0.90^a
Objective sleep onset latency	0.33^b
Self-report wake after sleep onset	1.05^a
Objective wake after sleep onset	0.46^b
Self-report total sleep time	0.24^b
Objective total sleep time	0.13
Subjective sleep efficiency	0.99^a
Objective sleep efficiency	0.44^b
Mood (depression, anxiety)	2.31^a

CBTi = cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia.

Interpretation of large effect size using Cohen⁸ standards.

Interpretation of small effect size using Cohen⁸ standards.