Table 3.
Neuronal survival and differentiation induced by polyphenols and contribution of different neurotrophic pathways to these effects
| Compound | Cell model | Activation of pathway
|
References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEK/ERK1/2 | PI3K/Akt | PLCγ –PKC | |||
| Artepillin C | PC12m3 cells | Y | –a | – | 145 |
| Auraptene | PC12 cells | Y | – | – | 151 |
| Baicalein | C17.2 NSCs | Y | – | – | 196 |
| Caffeic acid phenethyl ester | Rat organotypic midbrain slice cultures | Y | – | – | 117 |
| Carnosic acid | PC12 cells | Y | Y | – | 184 |
| Carnosic acid | PC12 cells | Y | – | – | 200 |
| Curcuminoids | PC12 cells | Y | – | Y | 65 |
| Daidzein | Primary rat DRG neuronal cultures | Y | – | Y | 69 |
| 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone | Mouse hippocampal cultures and mouse embryonic motoneuron cultures | N | Y | – | 70 |
| 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone | Retinal ganglion cell cultures | Y | Y | – | 103 |
| 4′-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-3′, 4-dimethoxychalcone | PC12 Cells | Y | N | – | 201 |
| HMF | Mouse neuronal cells | Y | – | – | 113 |
| Hesperetin | PC12 cells | Y | Y | Y | 153 |
| Luteolin | PC12 cells | Y | – | Y | 64 |
| Luteolin | PC12 cells | Y | – | – | 144 |
| Methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate | Rat cortical neuronal cultures | – | Y | – | 147 |
| Nobiletin | PC12D cells | Y | – | – | 152 |
| Oroxylin A | Cortical neuronal cultures | – | Y | – | 114 |
| Puerarin | PC12 cells | Y | Y | – | 82 |
| Resveratrol | Astrocytes cultures | Y | – | – | 119 |
| Rosmarinic acid | PC12 cells | Y | – | – | 200 |
Note:
a
Not determined.
Abbreviations: N, activation of the pathway is not involved; Y, activation of the pathway is involved; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; HMF, 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-heptamethoxyflavone; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; NSCs, neural stem cells; PKC, protein kinase C; PLCγ, phospholipase Cγ.