Table 4.
Improvement of memory and modulation of other brain functions in animal models by polyphenols and involvement of neurotrophic signaling pathways
| Compound | Animal model | Effect on brain function | Involved signaling pathways
|
References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEK/ERK1/2 | PI3K/Akt | PLCγ–PKC | ||||
| Apigenin | Mice | Improvement of learning and memory in APP/PS1 mice | Y | –a | – | 157 |
| Baicalein | Mice | Memory enhancement | Y | – | – | 109 |
| Baicalein | Mice | Prevention of spatial learning and memory deficits following irradiation | Y | – | – | 109,155 |
| Curcumin | Rats | Improvement of amyloid-β-induced cognitive impairment | – | Y | – | 118 |
| Ferulic acid | Mice | Antidepressant-like effect | Y | Y | Y | 202 |
| Fisetin | Mice | Memory enhancement | Y | – | – | 110,203 |
| HMF | Mice | Enhancement of neurogenesis after brain ischemia | Y | – | – | 113 |
| Nobiletin | Mice | Improvement of memory in olfactory-bulbectomized mice | Y | – | – | 152 |
| Pinocembrin | Mice | Improvement of cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice | Y | – | – | 158 |
| Resveratrol | Mice | Improvement of hippocampal atrophy in chronic fatigue syndrome mice | Y | – | – | 122 |
| Rutin | Rats | Memory enhancement | Y | – | – | 143 |
Note:
a
Not determined.
Abbreviations: Y, activation of the pathway is involved; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; HMF, 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-heptamethoxyflavone; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; PKC, protein kinase C; PLCγ, phospholipase Cγ.