Figure 2. Combination of poly-ICLC and Sorafenib enhanced tumor control in mice.

C57BL/6 mice were transplanted with Hepa 1-6 cells and PBS or poly-ICLC (pIC) were given on the indicated days (arrows) and Sorafenib (S) was included in the diet. A&B. Treatment started on day 1. n = 8–9 each group. A. Slowed tumor growth on d14, pIC+S: 12.8 ± 6.8 mm² vs. PBS: 52.0 ± 23.5 mm², p < 0.0001; vs. pIC: 26.0 ± 4.2 mm², p = 0.011 and vs. S: 32.2 ± 12.2 mm², p < 0.0001 and B. Decreased final tumor weights (g) as harvested on day 16 (†) in pIC+S-treated mice: 0.016 ± 0.009 vs. PBS: 0.071 ± 0.019, p < 0.0001; vs. pIC: 0.042 ± 0.029, p = 0.038 and vs. S: 0.045 ± 0.016, p = 0.021. C&D. Tumors were allowed to grow until day 6 before treatments were given. n = 12–16 each group. C. Slowed tumor growth (mm²) on day 20, pIC+S: 15.6 ± 11.1 vs. PBS: 65.6 ± 35.8, p < 0.0001; vs. pIC: 37.3 ± 28.5, p = 0.011 and vs. S: 34.7 ± 21.8, p = 0.029 and D. decreased final tumor weights (g) as harvested on day 21 (†) in pIC+S-treated mice: 0.058 ± 0.039 vs. PBS: 0.326 ± 0.206, p = 0.011; vs. pIC: 0.281 ± 0.183, p = 0.0083; and vs. S: 0.292 ± 0.199, p = 0.0101. E. Left, representative immunohistochemistry images of apoptotic cells (brown) as identified by TUNEL-assay (100× magnification, scale bar = 20 μm). Right, Increased density of apoptotic cells per tumor field from mice treated with pIC+S: 311 ± 83 vs. PBS: 168 ± 78; p = 0.028. Data represent n = 4–7 from each group. For all graphs, mean and SD are shown. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. A&C. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons test. B, D & E. One-way ANOVA test with post Tukey's multiple comparisons test. Points represent individual tumors.