Changes of mandibular condylar cartilage thickness (A), condylar cartilage cellular density (B), percentages of degraded cartilage areas (C), Collagen II-positive areas (D) and cartilage mRNA expressing levels of col2a1 (E) and aggrecan (F) from the control and UAC mice. n = 6 in (A–C) and n = 3 in (D–F). For the percentages of degraded cartilage areas in (C), every point represents the measurement outcome of an independent sample while the other data are expressed as means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and * indicates statistically significant differences between groups. (A) P-values between groups with * are less than 0.001. (B) P-values between groups with * are less than 0.001. (D) P-values: 2w: P-values between groups with * are less than 0.001; 4w: CON + Saline vs UAC + Saline, UAC + SrCl2 and UAC + NBD peptide: P < 0.001, P = 0.003 and P = 0.002; UAC + Saline vs UAC + SrCl2 and UAC + NBD peptide: P < 0.001 and P = 0.001. (E) P-values: 2w: P-values between groups with * are less than 0.001; 4w: CON + Saline vs CON + NBD peptide, UAC + Saline and UAC + SrCl2: all P < 0.001; UAC + Saline vs UAC + SrCl2 and UAC + NBD peptide: P = 0.011 and P < 0.001; UAC + SrCl2 vs UAC + NBD peptide: P = 0.001. (F) P values: 2w: non-UAC control (CON + Saline) vs UAC + Saline and UAC + SrCl2: P < 0.001 and P = 0.003; UAC + Saline vs UAC + SrCl2 and UAC + NBD peptide: P = 0.007 and P < 0.001; UAC + SrCl2 vs UAC + NBD peptide: P = 0.017; 4w: CON + Saline vs UAC + Saline, UAC + SrCl2 and UAC + NBD peptide: P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P = 0.007; UAC + Saline vs UAC + SrCl2 and UAC + NBD peptide: P = 0.001 and P < 0.001.