Table 2. Predictors and moderators of PTSD outcome (PSS-I) in Step 4 and the Final Model.
| Post-Treatment Main Effects | Slope Effects | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domain/Predictor | b | t | p | b | t | p |
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| Demographic variables | ||||||
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| Gender | 1.04 | 1.65 | .098 | - | - | - |
| Age | -.24 | -.36 | .716 | - | - | - |
| Age × NAL | -1.17 | -1.79 | .073 | - | - | - |
| Age × PE | .83 | 1.26 | .210 | - | - | - |
| Age × NAL × PE | -1.60 | -2.44 | .015 | - | - | - |
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| Socio-economic factors | ||||||
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| ||||||
| Employment | -2.20 | -3.96 | <.001 | - | - | - |
|
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| Comorbid disorders | ||||||
|
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| Depressive Symptoms (BDI) | 1.33 | 1.71 | .087 | -1.00 | -3.73 | <.001 |
| Depressive Symptoms (BDI) × NAL | -.19 | -.25 | .805 | -.07 | -.26 | .798 |
| Depressive Symptoms (BDI) × PE | -.80 | -1.00 | .323 | -.48 | -1.75 | .080 |
| Depressive Symptoms (BDI) × PE × NAL | 1.45 | 1.80 | .073 | .55 | 2.02 | .043 |
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| Trauma features | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Sexual Assault | 2.19 | 2.51 | .012 | .79 | 2.79 | .005 |
| Sexual Assault × PE | .75 | 1.28 | .202 | - | - | - |
| Combat | 1.71 | 1.93 | .054 | .46 | 1.60 | .109 |
| Combat × PE | 1.24 | 1.42 | .156 | .62 | 2.18 | .029 |
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| PTSD features | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Baseline PSS-I | 2.77 | 4.60 | <.001 | -1.54 | -7.20 | p<.001 |
| Baseline PSS-I × NAL | -.40 | -.71 | .479 | -.19 | -.95 | .341 |
| Baseline PSS-I × PE | -1.46 | -2.61 | .009 | -.50 | -2.52 | .012 |
| Baseline PSS-I × NAL × PE | 1.40 | 2.47 | .013 | .47 | 2.34 | .019 |
| Anxiety Sensitivity (ASI) | 2.05 | 3.45 | .001 | .78 | 3.59 | p<.001 |
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| Alcohol features | ||||||
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| ||||||
| Craving | 1.69 | 3.29 | .001 | - | - | - |
| Duration of AD | .20 | .23 | .816 | -.14 | -.48 | .633 |
| Duration of AD × NAL | -1.96 | -2.27 | .024 | -.62 | -2.21 | .027 |
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| Final model predictors | ||||||
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| Baseline PSS-I | 2.89 | 5.00 | <.001 | -1.50 | -7.08 | <.001 |
| Anxiety Sensitivity (ASI) | 2.13 | 3.78 | <.001 | .81 | 3.76 | <.001 |
| Duration of AD | -.38 | -.70 | .487 | -.18 | -.92 | .357 |
| Combat | 1.81 | 3.24 | .001 | .54 | 2.68 | .007 |
| Sexual Assault | 2.53 | 4.56 | <.001 | .75 | 3.71 | <.001 |
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| Final model moderators | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Baseline PSS-I × PE | -1.63 | -3.02 | .003 | -.54 | -2.76 | .006 |
| Duration of AD × NAL | -2.22 | -4.01 | <.001 | -.71 | -3.55 | <.001 |
Note. All variables were z-scored before computing interactions. Hence, main effects for all predictors/moderators reflected their effects for the mean of the present sample. ASI = Anxiety Sensitivity Index; AD = alcohol dependence; BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; NAL = naltrexone vs. placebo; PE = prolonged exposure therapy vs. supportive counseling; PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; PSS-I = PTSD Symptom Scale Interview