Estrogen conditioned astrocyte media protects glial deficient mesencephalic cultures from MPP+ toxicity. dFUR treated mouse mesencephalic cultures were pre-treated with vehicle, 17β-estradiol conditioned astrocyte media or 17β-estradiol conditioned astrocyte media plus ICI 182,780 for 24 hr prior to the addition of MPP+ (5μM). ICI 182,780 was added to 17β-estradiol conditioned media 1 hr prior to adding the media to dFUR treated mesencephalic cultures. Results are presented as number of TH-ir cells, percent of control and represent the mean ± SEM of three experiments. ***p<0.001 compared to vehicle-treated control, and ###p<0.001 compared to MPP+ treatment.