Table 5.

Cumulative risks of colorectal cancer in hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes

Syndrome	Gene	Risk	Average age of diagnosis (years)	References
Sporadic cancer		4.8%	69	SEER(303)
Lynch syndrome	MLH1/MSH2	M: 27–74% F: 22–61%	27–60	(30–35,38)
	MSH6	M: 22–69% F: 10–30% M/F: 12%	50–63	(31,36,49,64)
	PMS2	M: 20% F: 15%	47–66	(37)
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)	APC	100%	38–41	(81,123,126,316)
Attenuated FAP	APC	69%	54–58	(88,90,126,317–319)
MUTYH-associated polyposis	MUTYH	43–100%	48–50	(109,126,134,135,319)
Juvenile polyposis	SMAD4 BMPR1A	38–68%	34–44	(126,220)(320–323)
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome	STK11	39%	42–46	(126,196,197)
Cowden syndrome	PTEN	9–16%	44–48	(224,235,236,324)
Serrated polyposis syndrome	Not known	~>50%	48	(243,254)

F, female; M, male.