Table 4.

Adjusted percentage of children who were on exclusive breastfeeding at the age of one month by socioeconomic category of mother and household during NFHS-1 & NFHS-3

Characteristics	Reference category	NFHS-1						NFHS-3
		States with level of post neonatal mortality
		High		Medium/low		Any		High		Medium/low		Any
		Adjusted percentage of women practicing each type of breastfeeding
		EBF	NBF	EBF	NBF	EBF	NBF	EBF	NBF	EBF	NBF	EBF	NBF
Residence	Urban	43*	2	54*	2	50*	2	57**	9	72	6	65	6
	Rural+	56	1	61	1	58	1	63	7	68	4	65	6
Mother’s age at birth (years)	<20	54	1	58	2	56	1	56	11	69*	4	62	7
	20 – 34+	56	1	61	1	59	1	61	7	68	5	64	6
	35 & above	50**	2	53*	3	51*	2	81**	0	96**	0	85**	0
Mother’s education	Illiterate+	56	1	63	1	58	1	59	7	72	4	64	6
	Literate, < middle school complete	50	1	52*	2	51*	1	61	12	73**	5	67	8
	Middle school complete & above	47	2	56*	2	52*	2	63	6	66	5	64	5
Mother’s occupation	Non gainful occupation+	54	1	57	2	55	1	59	8	64	5	61	7
	Gainful occupation	59	1	65	2	64	1	65	7	83*	2	73	5
Standard of living index	Low+	56	1	63	2	60	1	61	8	81	0	68	5
	Medium	54	1	58	2	56	1	65	6	67**	6	67	6
	High	47	1	48	2	46*	2	58	8	64*	7	61	7
Interval since last birth	First birth/preceding birth interval 2 years or more+	55	1	59	2	56	1	67	2	74	4	70	3
	Preceding birth interval less than 2 years	50*	2	58	2	54**	2	47**	18	54	4	51	13
Antenatal & natal care	Yes	49*	1	59	2	55*	2	62	8	69	5	66	6
	No+	58	1	56	2	57	1	58	7	72	1	61	6
Size of the baby	Large/average+	53	1	58	1	55	1	62	5	70	4	66	4
	Small	58*	2	60*	3	59*	2	58	16	67	7	63	12
All		54	1	58	2	56	2	61	7	69	5	65	6

Note: 1. EBF exclusive breastfeeding, NBF not breastfeeding 2. The percentages shown are adjusted by multiple classification analysis in conjunction with multinomial logistic regression. A plus (+) indicates a reference category and asterisk (*) or asterisks (**) indicate that the underlying multinomial logistic regression coefficient, associated with ratios of probability of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to the probability of no breastfeeding (NBF) differences significantly from zero at the 5 % or 1 % level respectively