1	Mesepimeron with 1 long, large and curved (C-shaped) scale-patch that extends ventrally from upper setae	2
–	Mesepimeron with 1 or 2 small scale-patches	3
2(1)	Proboscis, pedicel, and palpomere 1 with white scales; hindtarsomeres 1and 2 without apical pale band (from dorsal view) (Fig. 3)	lepidotus
–	Proboscis, pedicel, and palpomere 1 without white scales; hindtarsomeres 1 and 2 with narrow apical pale band (from dorsal view)	pholidotus
3(1)	Mesepimeron with 1 small scale-patch next to upper setae	4
–	Mesepimeron with 2 small scale-patches (upper and middle)	7
4(3)	Abdominal terga II–VII with numerous dark decumbent scales; sterna with few white scales	boliviensis, gonzalezrinconesi, rollai (currently cannot be separated)
–	Abdominal terga and sterna without scales (except possibly on VII, VIII and cerci)	5
5(4)	Hindtarsomere 5 entirely white-scaled; wing without pale fringe spot at tip of wing	bambusicolus
–	Hindtarsomere 5 with base dark, apical 0.35–0.60 pale; wing with large pale fringe spot at tip or rarely divided into 2 small pale fringe spots	6
6(5)	Scutum with white scales on acrostichal area from anterior promontory to near prescutellar setae; hindtarsomeres 2–4 with narrow white band on distal 0.15–0.5	auyantepuiensis
–	Scutum without white scales on acrostichal area; hindtarsomeres 2–4 with broad white band on distal 0.5–0.7	neivai
7(3)	Hindtarsomeres 2–4 with narrow apical pale band, 0.3 or less length of tarsomeres; hindtarsomere 5 usually entirely dark	bellator
–	Hindtarsomeres 2–5 with broad apical pale bands, 0.4–0.7 length of tarsomere	8
8(7)	Scutum with anterior 0.3–0.4 of acrostichal and dorsocentral areas and middle of scutellum with few white scales; vein M entirely or mostly white-scaled basal to level of Cu fork	laneanus
–	Scutum without pale scales on acrostichal, dorsocentral, and scutellum; vein M with dark scales basal to level of Cu fork	9
9(8)	Scales on palpomeres 3 and 4 predominately decumbent, those on base of 3 may be slightly erect	cruzii*
–	Scales on palpomere 3 covered with slightly erect scales, palpomere 4 with slightly erect to decumbent scales	homunculus*
*This character is only useful if the specimens are in good condition. Other previously described characters are too variable because An. cruzii is a sibling species complex of 2 or 3 undescribed species (Ramirez & Dessen 2000a,b; Rona et al. 2009, 2010), as is An. homunculus (Sallum et al. 2009).