Table 5. Clinical Features and Renal Histology in a 1:1 Matched Cohort of Current and Non- or Ex-Smokers in IgAN Patients (Total n=78).

Smoking status	Current smokers	Non/ex-smokers	p value
No. of cases	39	39
eGFR at time of diagnosis	73.71±23.51	71.22±24.73	0.388
Serum creatinine at time of diagnosis	1.21±0.58	1.28±0.60	0.240
Spot UPCR at time of diagnosis	0.84±0.79	0.92±1.15	0.402
Global sclerosis (%)	15.09±17.78	15.57±18.69	0.971
Segmental sclerosis (%)	7.56±9.92	7.46±13.16	0.700
No. of glomerular CD68+ cells	1.78±1.18	2.53±1.56	0.039
Glomerular mesangial α-SMA+ area (%)	0.22±0.22	0.27±0.20	0.478
Tubular atrophy			0.621
Absent	7 (17.9%)	11 (28.2%)
Mild	26 (66.7%)	20 (51.3%)
Moderate	5 (12.8%)	7 (17.9%)
Severe	1 (2.6%)	1 (2.6%)
Interstitial fibrosis			0.817
Absent	10 (25.6%)	14 (35.9%)
Mild	25 (64.1%)	21 (53.8%)
Moderate	3 (7.7%)	3 (7.7%)
Severe	1 (2.6%)	1 (2.6%)
Arteriolar hyalinosis	8 (20.5%)	11 (28.2%)	0.549
Arterial fibrointimal thickening	2 (5.1%)	8 (20.5%)	0.070
Ratio of arterial thickened wall to normal wall	1.57±0.38	1.48±0.28	0.508

UPCR, urine protein/creatinin ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin.