Table 8. Risk Factors of Serum Creatinine Doubling by a Cox Proportional Hazards Model.
| Variables | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (CI) | p value | Hazard ratio (CI) | p value | |
| Non/ex-smokers | ||||
| Age | 1.05 (0.98-1.13) | 0.144 | ||
| Hypertension | NA | |||
| Serum creatinine at time of diagnosis | 1.86 (1.23-2.83) | 0.003 | ||
| eGFR at time of diagnosis | 0.93 (0.89-0.97) | 0.002 | 0.93 (0.89-0.97) | 0.002 |
| Spot UPCR at time of diagnosis | NA | |||
| Global sclerosis (%) | 1.04 (1.01-1.08) | 0.013 | ||
| Segmental sclerosis (%) | 1.04 (0.99-1.09) | 0.149 | ||
| Tubular atrophy | 4.65 (0.91-23.87) | 0.066 | ||
| Interstitial fibrosis | 1.90 (0.22-16.36) | 0.558 | ||
| Arteriolar hyalinosis | 3.05 (0.54-17.35) | 0.208 | ||
| Arterial thickening | 3.32 (0.60-18.24) | 0.168 | ||
| Smokers | ||||
| Smoking dose | 1.04 (0.89-1.21) | 0.626 | ||
| Serum creatinine at time of diagnosis | 2.94 (1.18-7.34) | 0.021 | ||
| eGFR at time of diagnosis | 0.92 (0.85-0.99) | 0.033 | ||
| Global sclerosis (%) | 1.07 (1.01-1.13) | 0.022 | ||
| Segmental sclerosis (%) | 1.07 (0.94-1.21) | 0.333 | ||
CI, confidence interval; NA, not available due to small number of event; UPCR, urine protein/creatinin ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.