FIGURE 4.

Thyroid hormone (T₃) inhibited AKT-dependent phosphorylation and increased FOXO1 target gene expression. A–C, Western blot analysis to analyze phosphorylated Akt and Foxo1 in liver tissues (A) from euthyroid (EuTH) and hyperthyroid (HyperTH) mice, primary mouse hepatocytes (B) and HepG2 cells expressing THRB1 (C). Bar graphs below each Western blot data set represent relative densitometric measurements. Statistical significance was calculated as *, p < 0.05, and error bars represent mean ± S.D. D and E, Western blot analysis showing dose response (D) and time course (E) for T₃ treatment on phosphorylated AKT and FOXO1 in THRB1-HepG2 cells. Line graphs below each Western blot data set represent relative densitometric measurements. Statistical significance was calculated as *, p < 0.05, and error bars represent mean ± S.D. ACTB, β-actin. F and G, graph showing dose response (F) and time course (G) of FOXO1 target genes PCK1 and IGFBP1 transcript expression by RT-qPCR in THRB1-HepG2, respectively. Statistical significance was calculated as *, p < 0.05, and error bars represent mean ± S.D.