Effect of [CO2] on the D6S/D6R isotopomer ratio of photosynthetically generated glucose moieties in sunflower (H. annuus). (A) Deuterium NMR spectrum of a glucose derivative displaying one signal for each of the seven isotopomers of glucose. The signals’ integrals are proportional to the isotopomer abundances. (B) Excerpts of deuterium NMR spectra of glucose prepared from sunflower leaf starch, showing signals arising from the D6S and D6R isotopomers of the C6H2 group of glucose. The solid and dashed spectra were acquired from glucose formed at 280 ppm and 1,500 ppm CO2, respectively. The dashed spectrum has been shifted sideways to ease comparison. (C) Dependence of the D6S/D6R ratio of glucose from sunflower leaf starch on 1/[CO2] (in units of 10−3 ppm−1) during growth [r2 = 0.88, slope 0.057 ±0.006 (SEM), P < 10−7, n = 17, individual plants except for 180 and 280 ppm, where material from two to four plants had to be pooled for each sample].