Counts of different cell types identified in the posterior EC. (Left) Seventy-four of 193 cells (38%) recorded in the posterior EC from two monkeys had at least one spatial response type; these are represented in the Venn diagram. SD cells that demonstrated a significant relationship with the direction of saccades made up 20% of the neurons. Border cells, cells with a significant preference for firing near borders of images, made up 9% of the neurons. Grid cells, cells that tiled visual space with a hexagonal grid pattern made up 12% of the neurons. By definition, no SD cells were also border cells (Materials and Methods). Of SD cells, 15% had conjunctive grid-SD responses. (Right) Venn diagram representation that includes cells with significant memory responses (suppressed firing for repeated images as defined in ref. 1). Notably, 45% of spatially responsive cells (51% SD, 39% grid, and 39% border) also demonstrated a significant memory response. In total, 56% (109/193) of cells recorded in the posterior EC had firing-rate responses that could be categorized.