Table 2.
Comparison of demographic and perinatal characteristics between infants with and without cPVL on screening imaging
| Characteristics | All infants < 1,000 g or < 29 wks without cPVL, N = 12,075 |
Cystic PVL with either CA or PMA criterion, N = 664 |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth weight (g), mean ± SD | 864 ± 210 | 855 ± 220 | 0.29 |
| Gestation (wks), mean ± SD | 26.4 ± 1.8 | 25.9 ± 1.8 | < 0.0001a |
| Male | 6,260 (51.9) | 327 (49.3) | 0.19 |
| Pregnancy-induced hypertension | 428 (31.3) | 13 (20.6) | 0.07 |
| Antepartum hemorrhage | 219 (16.0) | 15 (23.8) | 0.10 |
| Any prenatal steroid | 1,236 (10.2) | 59 (8.9) | 0.26 |
| Complete course of prenatal steroid | 977 (79.3) | 33 (56.9) | < 0.0001a |
| Maternal antibiotics < 72 h of delivery | 923 (92.7) | 42 (93.3) | 0.99b |
| Apgar score ≤ 3 at 1 min | 11,271 (93.3) | 635 (95.6) | 0.02a |
| Apgar score ≤ 3 at 5 min | 10,837 (89.8) | 613 (92.3) | 0.03a |
| Delivery room bag and mask | 1,052 (77.0) | 53 (84.1) | 0.18 |
| Delivery room chest compression | 76 (5.6) | 6 (9.5) | 0.17 |
| BPD (O2 at 36 wks) | 2,424 (47.3) | 150 (64.1) | < 0.0001a |
| Steroids for BPD | 1,686 (14.1) | 118 (17.9) | 0.01a |
| Late-onset culture-proven sepsis | 4,009 (33.2) | 268 (40.4) | 0.0001a |
| Ventilator days, mean ± SD | 23.3 ± 26.7 | 34.4 ± 30.4 | < 0.0001a |
Abbreviations: BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CA, chronological age; cPVL, cystic periventricular leukomalacia; PMA, postmenstrual age; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; SD, standard deviation.
Note: The percentages are based on nonmissing responses in the registry. The percentages for the complete course of prenatal steroid are among those exposed to any prenatal steroid.
Significantly different at an α level of 0.05. Percentages were tested with a chi-square test, and means were tested with a t-test.
Tested with Fisher exact test. Values are percent and means; CA criterion: Cranial ultrasound within 28 d, PMA criterion: Screening neuroimaging closest to 36 weeks.