Table 3.
Comparison of demographic and perinatal characteristics between infants with and without cPVL on screening imaging
| Characteristics | All infants < 1,000 g or < 29 wks without cPVL, N = 12,075 |
Cystic PVL with CA criterion but not with PMA criterion, N = 95 |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth weight (g), mean ± SD | 864 ± 210 | 835 ± 208 | 0.18 |
| Gestation (wks), mean ± SD | 26.4 ± 1.8 | 25.4 ± 1.6 | < 0.0001a |
| Male | 6,260 (51.9) | 46 (48.4) | 0.50 |
| PIH | 428 (31.3) | 2 (15.4) | 0.37b |
| APH | 219 (16.0) | 6 (46.2) | 0.004a |
| Any prenatal steroid | 1,236 (10.2) | 12 (12.6) | 0.44 |
| Complete course of steroid | 977 (79.3) | 6 (50.0) | 0.01a |
| Maternal antibiotics < 72 h of delivery | 923 (92.7) | 8 (88.9) | 0.67 |
| Apgar score ≤ 3 at 1 min | 11,271 (93.3) | 91 (95.8) | 0.53b |
| Apgar score ≤ 3 at 5 min | 10,837 (89.8) | 84 (88.4) | 0.67 |
| Delivery room bag and mask | 1,052 (77.0) | 13 (100.0) | < 0.05a,b |
| DR chest compression | 76 (5.6) | 1 (7.7) | 0.99b |
| BPD (O2 at 36 wks) | 2,424 (47.3) | 13 (59.1) | 0.27 |
| Steroids for BPD | 1,686 (14.1) | 9 (9.7) | 0.23 |
| Late-onset culture-proven sepsis | 4,009 (33.2) | 39 (41.1) | 0.11 |
| Ventilator days, mean ± SD | 23.3 ± 26.7 | 34.3 ± 28.8 | 0.0004a |
Abbreviations: APH, antepartum hemorrhage; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CA, chronological age; cPVL, cystic periventricular leukomalacia; DR, delivery room; PIH, pregnancy-induced hypertension; PMA, postmenstrual age; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; SD, standard deviation.
Note: The percentages are based on nonmissing responses in the registry. The percentages for the complete course of prenatal steroid are among those exposed to any prenatal steroid.
Significantly different at an α level of 0.05. Percentages were tested with a chi-square test, and means were tested with a t-test.
Tested with Fisher exact test. Values are percent and means; CA criterion: Cranial ultrasound within 28 d, PMA criterion: Screening neuroimaging closest to 36 weeks.