Table 1.

Patient Characteristics by Race

Maternal Characteristics	White		Black		p value
	N	%	N	%
	3,584,639	77.8	1,024,652	22.2
Maternal age					<.001
<20	239,101	6.7	146,589	14.3
20-29	1,831,669	51.1	582,108	56.8
30-34	967,307	27.0	181,903	17.8
35-39	439,096	12.2	89,397	8.7
40-44	100,657	2.8	22,985	2.2
45+	6,809	0.2	1670	0.2
Medicaid	1,275,279	35.6	708,208	69.1	<.001
Zipcode income (dollars)					<.001
<41 000	726,779	20.5	466,830	47.0
41 000 to <51 000	870,385	24.6	213,907	21.6
51 000 to <67 000	981,061	27.7	188,202	19.0
67000+	965,345	27.2	123,605	12.5
Most prevalent co-morbidities and complications
Prior cesarean delivery	582,580	16.3	182,113	17.8	<.001
Blood disorders	345,259	9.6	188,671	18.4	<.001
Pregnancy hypertension	146,757	4.1	65,796	6.4	<.001
Chronic hypertension	51,908	1.4	34,120	3.3	<.001
Asthma/other pulmonary	129,404	3.6	58,253	5.7	<.001
Multiple gestations	66,946	1.9	18,705	1.8	0.43
Placental disorder	54,806	1.5	19,508	1.9	<.001
Gestational diabetes	30,198	0.8	13,754	1.3	<.001
Diabetes other	27,528	0.8	12,465	1.2	<.001
Diagnosis of obesity	144,539	4.0	76,675	7.5	<.001
Cardiac disease	15,635	0.4	3,805	0.4	0.007
≥ 1 co-morbidity /risk factor	1,392,932	38.9	502,988	49.1	<.001

Note: National estimates for deliveries in hospitals with at least 10 deliveries and 80% not-missing race