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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Nov 21;158:132–138. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.005

Table 3.

Lifetime Heroin Use According to Frequency and Recency of Lifetime Nonmedical Opioid Use.

Raw Percentages Adjusted Model
Lifetime Opioid Use Ever Used Heroin AOR 95% CI
 0 Times 0.3 1.00
 1–2 Times 2.7 8.71 (6.41, 11.82)
 3–5 Times 4.6 14.74 (10.78, 20.17)
 6–9 Times 8.5 27.03 (19.05, 38.37)
 10–19 Times 8.4 27.31 (19.80, 37.67)
 20–39 Times 11.8 39.34 (27.54, 56.18)
 40+ Times 23.2 88.05 (67.42, 115.00)
Ever Used 7.5
Lifetime Opioid Use Ever Used Heroin AOR 95% CI
 Never Used 0.3 1.00
 Lifetime Use, but not 12-Month Use 5.5 17.12 (13.07, 22.43)
 12-Month Use, but not 30-Day Use 4.9 15.36 (11.80, 20.01)
 30-Day Use 13.8 44.01 (35.01, 55.32)

Note. AOR = adjusted odds ratio (controlling for sex, age, race, population density, religiosity, family structure, parent education, weekly income from job, and weekly income from other sources); CI = confidence interval. All AORs presented are p < .0001.