Table 1.
Participant characteristics by matched group comparisons [N or Mean (SD)]
| Normal weight | Overweight | Normal weight | Overweight | Normal weight | Normal weight | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active vs. inactive | active vs. inactive | active vs. inactive | ||||
| (N = 24 pairs) | (N = 21 pairs) | (N = 16 pairs) | ||||
| White | 18 | 18 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 12 |
| Black | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 |
| Male | 14 | 14 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Female | 10 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 10 | 10 |
| Parent marital status and education | ||||||
| Married | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 14 | 15 |
| Not married | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| High school or less | 3 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| At least some college | 21 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 14 |
| Age (years) | 9.7 (0.9) | 9.7 (0.9) | 9.3 (1.2) | 9.2 (1.0) | 9.9 (0.8) | 9.4 (1.3) † |
| BMI percentile | 39 (20) | 97 (0)*** | 36 (19) | 97 (0)*** | 32 (18) | 37 (17) |
| BMI z-score | −0.3 (0.6) | 2.0 (0.5)*** | −0.4 (0.6) | 2.0 (0.4)*** | −0.5 (0.5) | −0.4 (0.5) |
| Body fat (%) | 18 (4) | 40 (6)*** | 21 (4) | 41 (6)*** | 19 (5) | 21 (4)† |
| Resting heart rate (bpm) | 75 (3) | 81 (10)* | 84 (12) | 87 (12) | 74 (6) | 83 (10)*** |
| Physical activity (PA) | ||||||
| Vigorous PA(days/wk) | 4.3 (1.8) | 2.5 (2.1)*** | 3.4 (2.6) | 3.6 (2.6) | 4.8 (1.7) | 3.9 (2.6) |
| Moderate to vigorous | 6.3 (3.0) | 4.3 (2.6)* | 5.6 (4.1) | 5.4 (3.4) | 6.9 (2.8) | 6.7 (3.9) |
| PA (days/week) | ||||||
| PA programs (hrs/wk) | 2.4 (3.0) | 0.3 (0.4)** | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.6 (0.9)* | 2.7 (3.7) | 0.1 (0.3)* |
| Cognitive Assessment System | ||||||
| Planning | 109 (11) | 100 (11)* | 104 (15) | 100 (11) | 113 (10) | 102 (13)** |
| Attention | 108 (11) | 100 (11)* | 105 (13) | 93 (12)** | 111 (11) | 104 (12)† |
| Simultaneous | 108 (13) | 107 (9) | 110 (14) | 106 (15) | 109 (11) | 108 (15) |
| Successive | 98 (15) | 101 (9) | 103 (11) | 99 (10) | 98 (13) | 101 (10) |
| Full Scale | 107 (12) | 102 (10) | 107 (14) | 99 (13) † | 110 (10) | 104 (12) |
†
p < .10
*
p < .05
**
p < .01
***
p < .001 for paired t-tests