Table 3.
Parameter estimates for stochastic actor-based model
| Parameters | Estimate | S.E. |
|---|---|---|
| Network dynamics | ||
| Structural network effects | ||
| Reciprocity | 2.05*** | 0.06 |
| Transitivity triplets | 0.28*** | 0.02 |
| 3-cycles | −0.32*** | 0.03 |
| Geodesic distance-2 | −0.20*** | 0.01 |
| Ego effects | ||
| Sex | −0.01 | 0.05 |
| Age | 0.14*** | 0.03 |
| Bully victimization | 0.14*** | 0.04 |
| Alter effects | ||
| Sex | 0.07 | 0.04 |
| Age | −0.00 | 0.03 |
| Being bullied | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Selection effects | ||
| Sex similarity | 0.46*** | 0.04 |
| Age similarity | 0.04 | 0.16 |
| Same class | 0.74*** | 0.04 |
| Same ethnicity | −0.02 | 0.06 |
| Being bullied similarity | 0.43* | 0.20 |
| Bully victimization dynamics | ||
| Linear shape | −0.59*** | 0.08 |
| Quadratic shape | 0.29*** | 0.05 |
| Average similarity (influence) | 2.29* | 0.93 |
| Effect from sex | −0.26** | 0.10 |
| Effect from age | −0.04 | 0.08 |
| Effect from ethnicity | −0.13 | 0.19 |
* p < .05; ** p < .01; *** p < .001