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. 2016 Jan 4;6:18766. doi: 10.1038/srep18766

Table 3. Summary risk estimates of the association between parity number and gastric cancer risk.

  Highest vs. lowest
 Dose-response analysis (per 1 live birth)
  No. of Study SRR 95% CI I2 (%) Ph† Ph‡ No. of Study SRR 95% CI I2 (%) Ph† Ph‡
Overall 10 1.03 0.94–1.13 1.6 0.427   9 1.00 0.97–1.03 18.6 0.272  
Subgroup analyses
Number of cases           0.693           0.826
 ≥250 5 1.04 0.94–1.14 8.7 0.361   4 1.00 0.96–1.04 45.7 0.118  
 <250 5 0.96 0.67–1.38 11.1 0.343   5 1.00 0.94–1.05 0 0.454  
Follow-up years           0.618           0.217
 ≥10 5 1.06 0.89–1.25 31.5 0.199   4 1.01 0.97–1.06 46.9 0.110  
 <10 5 1.01 0.89–1.15 0 0.607   5 0.97 0.92–1.02 0 0.802  
Geographic location           0.976           0.968
 Europe 5 1.02 0.92–1.13 0 0.690   4 0.99 0.97–1.02 0 0.707  
 Asia 4 0.98 0.67–1.42 51.1 0.105   4 0.99 0.91–1.07 60.2 0.057  
 North America 1 0.83 0.47–1.47 N/A N/A   1 0.96 0.81–1.13 N/A N/A  
Menopausal status           0.794           0.831
 Pre-menopausal 1 0.80 0.46–1.40 N/A N/A   1 0.93 0.77–1.12 N/A N/A  
 Post-menopausal 3 0.90 0.76–1.07 0 0.468   3 0.97 0.94–1.00 0 0.773  
Anatomic subsite           0.879           0.342
 Cardia 2 1.04 0.80-1.34 0 0.566   2 0.93 0.82–1.05 49.4 0.160  
 Non-cardia 3 1.01 0.85–1.20 13.2 0.316   3 0.99 0.96–1.02 0 0.876  
Adjustment for potential confounders and risk factors
Age           0.276           0.939
 Yes 7 1.06 0.96–1.18 0 0.538   6 0.99 0.94–1.05 43.1 0.118  
 No 3 0.94 0.72–1.22 20.4 0.288   3 0.99 0.97–1.02 0 0.626  
Cigarette smoking           0.618           0.217
 Yes 5 1.01 0.89–1.15 0 0.607   4 0.97 0.92–1.02 0 0.802  
 No 5 1.06 0.89–1.25 31.5 0.199   5 1.01 0.97–1.06 46.9 0.110  
Body mass index           0.938           0.285
 Yes 4 1.03 0.90–1.17 0 0.857   4 0.97 0.92–1.02 0 0.652  
 No 6 1.03 0.86–1.23 36.1 0.153   5 1.01 0.97–1.05 37.2 0.159  
Alcohol drinking           0.475           0.323
 Yes 3 0.96 0.77–1.20 16.7 0.301   3 0.97 0.92–1.03 0 0.993  
 No 7 1.06 0.93–1.20 6.4 0.381   6 1.01 0.97–1.05 38.2 0.137  
Socioeconomic status           0.257           0.056
 Yes 5 0.99 0.90–1.10 0 0.753   5 0.98 0.96–1.01 0 0.836  
 No 5 1.10 0.87–1.38 33.7 0.196   4 1.03 0.98–1.09 24.6 0.264  

CI, confidence interval; N/A, not available; SRR, summarized relative risk.

†P-value for heterogeneity within each subgroup.

‡P-value for heterogeneity between subgroups with meta-regression analysis.