Table 1.
Characteristics of studies included in meta-analysis.
| Study | Study design | Study location | Cases /subjects | Diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH | Outcome | Confounders controlled | Adjusted OR | NOS* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAFLD prevalence | ||||||||
| Birerdinc et al. [2012] | Population-based cross-sectional study | USA | 1782/18,550 | Elevated serum aminotransferases with exclusion of other liver disease and excess alcohol consumption (men >20 g/day, women >10 g/day) | Presence of NAFLD | Age, gender, ethnicity and metabolic syndrome components | 0.999319 (0.998955–0.999684) | 7 |
| Catalano et al. [2010] | Hospital-based case-control study | Italy | 157/310 | US with exclusion of other liver disease and excess alcohol consumption ( >20 g/day) | Presence of NAFLD | Not available | Not calculated | 7 |
| Gutierrez-Grobe et al. [2012] | Hospital-based case-control study | Mexico | 57/130 | US with exclusion of other liver disease and excess alcohol consumption ( >20 g/day) | Presence of NAFLD | Not available | Not calculated | 6 |
| NAFLD fibrosis | ||||||||
| Bambha et al. [2014] | Hospital-based cross-sectional study | USA | 199/782 | Liver biopsy with exclusion of other liver disease and excess alcohol consumption (Men >20 g/day, women >10 g/day) | NASH fibrosis (>stage 2 versus ⩽stage 2) | Age, gender, ethnicity, waist circumference, AST, GGT, diabetes, smoking, alcohol, biopsy length, HOMA-IR | 0.68 (0.52–0.89) | 7 |
| Anty et al. [2012] | Hospital-based cross-sectional study | France | 68/195 | Surgical liver biopsy with exclusion of other liver disease and excess alcohol consumption (Men >30 g/day, women >20 g/day) | NASH fibrosis (⩾stage 2 versus <stage 2) | AST, HOMA-IR, metabolic syndrome, NASH | 0.75 (0.58–0.98) | 6 |
| Molloy et al. [2012] | Hospital-based cross-sectional study | USA | 36/97 | US and liver biopsy with exclusion of other liver disease and excess alcohol consumption ( >20 g/day) | NASH fibrosis (⩾stage 2 versus <stage 2) | Not available | Not calculated | 6 |
*
Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS) scores of 1–3, 4–6, and 7–9 for low-, intermediate-, and high-quality studies, respectively.
NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; OD, odds ratio.