Table 1.
Oxidation of Intermediate Filaments.
| Oxidation Induced by: | Cell/Tissue | Relevance | Refs. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Keratin 10 | Ultraviolet A irradiation, hypochlorite, and benzoyl peroxide | Human stratum corneum | Skin damage | [194] |
| Keratin 1 and 10 | Oxidative damage | Human skin | Potential biomarkers of oxidative skin damage | [195] |
| Cytokeratin 18 | Nox1 | Immortalized human epithelial | Prevents cytokeratin 18 degradation, Neoplasia | [196] |
| Vimentin | Hydrogen peroxide | Fibroblast-like (Type B) synoviocytes | n.d | [197] |
| Sodium arsenite | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) | n.d | [198] | |
| Lamin A | Aging, hydrogen peroxide | Primary human dermal fibroblasts | Cellular senescence | [199] |
| Desmin | Punctual mutations | Muscle | Myofibrillar myopathies | [200, 201] |
| Hydrogen peroxide | Rat heart | Myocardial pathologies | [202] | |
| GFAP | Iron overload-induced ROS | Astrocytes | Aceruloplasminemia | [203] |
| Neurodegenerative disorder | Striatum | Neurodegenerative Tau-related pathology | [204] | |
| Illness related ROS | Spinal cord | Axonal pathologies such as autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis | [205] | |
| ApoE−/− -induced ROS | Mouse Brain | Alzheimer’s disease | [206] | |
| Neurofilaments: NF-H, NF-M, NF-L | Illness related ROS | Spinal cord | Axonal pathologies such as autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis | [205] |
| Serotonin/tryptamine-4,5-dione, Cytochrome C and Hydrogen peroxide | Neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) | Neurodegeneration processes | [207, 208] | |
| Hydrogen peroxide, Hdh140Q/140Q knock-in mice | Mouse striatal synaptosomes | Huntington’s disease | [209] | |
| Salsolinol (Dopamine metabolism), Hydrogen peroxide, Cu,Zn-SOD/H2O2 | In vitro | Neurodegenerative disorders | [210] [211] |
|
| α-Internexin | Kainic acid-induced status epilepticus | Rat hippocampus | Neurodegenerative disorders | [212] |
The table summarizes different intermediate filament proteins that can be oxidized in response to different stimuli. It is also shows the cell/tissue in which it was described and the possible relevance during physiological or pathological conditions. n.d: not determined.