Table 1.
Characteristics of the entire study population and of hospital survivors, by AKI-RRT status
| Entire study population | Hospital survivors | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical featuresa | Total | No AKI-RRT | AKI-RRT | Total | No AKI-RRT | AKI-RRT |
| n = 5079 (100)b | n = 4417 (100)b | n = 662 (100)b | n = 3059 (100)b | n = 2805 (100)b | n = 254 (100)b | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 3388 (66.7) | 2916 (66.0) | 472 (71.3) | 2164 (70.7) | 1979 (70.6) | 185 (72.8) |
| Female | 1691 (33.3) | 1501 (34.0) | 190 (28.7) | 895 (29.3) | 826 (29.4) | 69 (27.2) |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 71 (62–78) | 70 (62–78) | 72 (65–77) | 68 (60–75) | 68 (60–75) | 69 (60–74) |
| Age groups (years) | ||||||
| < 60 | 1006 (19.8) | 898 (20.3) | 108 (16.3) | 766 (25.0) | 703 (25.1) | 63 (24.8) |
| 60–69 | 1435 (28.3) | 1247 (28.2) | 188 (28.4) | 966 (31.6) | 886 (31.6) | 80 (31.5) |
| 70–79 | 1724 (34.0) | 1440 (32.6) | 284 (42.9) | 989 (32.3) | 899 (32.1) | 90 (35.4) |
| ≥ 80 | 914 (18.0) | 832 (18.8) | 82 (12.4) | 338 (11.1) | 317 (11.3) | 21 (8.3) |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Congestive heart failure | 330 (6.5) | 281 (6.4) | 49 (7.4) | 166 (5.4) | 145 (5.2) | 21 (8.3) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 556 (11.0) | 475 (10.8) | 81 (12.2) | 299 (9.8) | 268 (9.6) | 31 (12.2) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 585 (11.5) | 504 (11.4) | 81 (12.2) | 307 (10.0) | 284 (10.1) | 23 (9.1) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 531 (10.5) | 468 (10.6) | 63 (9.5) | 257 (8.4) | 232 (8.3) | 25 (9.8) |
| Hypertension | 1134 (22.3) | 962 (21.8) | 172 (26.0) | 633 (20.7) | 559 (19.9) | 74 (29.1) |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 393 (7.7) | 342 (7.7) | 51 (7.7) | 185 (6.1) | 166 (5.9) | 19 (7.5) |
| Venous thromboembolism | 79 (1.6) | 69 (1.6) | 10 (1.5) | 36 (1.2) | 31 (1.1) | 5 (2.0) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 177 (3.5) | 129 (2.9) | 48 (7.3) | 95 (3.1) | 67 (2.4) | 28 (11.0) |
| Liver disease | 55 (1.1) | 49 (1.1) | 6 (0.9) | 21 (0.7) | 19 (0.7) | 2 (0.8) |
| Diabetes mellitusc | 901 (17.7) | 756 (17.1) | 145 (22.0) | 497 (16.3) | 441 (15.7) | 56 (22.1) |
| Cancer | 436 (8.6) | 389 (8.8) | 47 (7.1) | 214 (7.0) | 202 (7.2) | 12 (4.7) |
| Obesity | 143 (2.8) | 116 (2.6) | 27 (4.1) | 81 (2.7) | 70 (2.5) | 11 (4.3) |
| Medication used | ||||||
| ACE inhibitors | 1019 (20.1) | 874 (19.8) | 145 (21.9) | 589 (19.3) | 526 (18.8) | 63 (24.8) |
| Angiotensin II antagonists | 666 (13.1) | 578 (13.1) | 88 (13.2) | 413 (13.5) | 379 (13.5) | 34 (13.4) |
| NSAIDS | 654 (12.9) | 551 (12.5) | 103 (15.6) | 383 (12.5) | 346 (12.3) | 37 (14.6) |
| In-hospital procedures | ||||||
| CAG | 3473 (68.4) | 2979 (67.4) | 494 (74.6) | 2489 (81.4) | 2290 (81.6) | 199 (78.4) |
| PCI | 1873 (36.9) | 1568 (35.5) | 305 (46.1) | 1185 (38.7) | 1065 (38.0) | 120 (47.2) |
| CABG | 1520 (29.9) | 1334 (30.2) | 186 (28.1) | 1334 (43.6) | 1251 (44.6) | 82 (32.7) |
a Comorbidities registered as primary or secondary hospital inpatient and outpatient diagnoses within 10 years preceding current admission
b Values are expressed as number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated
c Defined as either a diagnosis code for diabetes or a prescription redemption for anti-diabetics within 100 days before MI admission
d Prescription redemption within 100 days before admission
ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme, AKI-RRT Acute kidney injury treated with renal replacement therapy, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, CAG Coronary arteriography, IQR inter quartile range, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, PCI percutaneous coronary arteriography