Table 2.
Effect of intervention on cognitive function (n=45)
| Variable | Mean (SD)
|
Mean difference from baseline (95% CI)
|
Group difference at 12 weeks
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline
|
After intervention
|
|||||||
| DTG | CG | DTG | CG | DTG | CG | F | P-value | |
| ADAS-Cog (0–75) | 10.23 (3.13) | 10.94 (5.68) | 7.85 (2.80) | 12.87 (4.80) | −2.39 (−3.59 to −1.18)* | 1.93 (−0.58 to 4.44) | 6.953 | 0.012† |
| TMT-B (seconds) | 128.77 (69.49) | 159.17 (81.48) | 95.45 (45.00) | 117.85 (54.01) | −33.32 (−53.61 to −13.04)* | −41.33 (−68.60 to −14.05)* | 2.092 | 0.155 |
| DST-Fa | 7.27 (1.38) | 7.48 (1.44) | 7.41 (1.44) | 7.65 (1.61) | 0.14 (−0.43 to 0.71) | 0.17 (−0.31 to 0.66) | 0.313 | 0.579 |
| DST-Ba | 3.41 (0.59) | 3.78 (0.85) | 3.82 (0.91) | 4.00 (1.13) | 0.41 (0.06–0.76)* | 0.22 (−0.17 to 0.61) | 1.410 | 0.242 |
Notes:
*
Significant difference within group when compared with baseline;
†
significant difference between groups (DTG and CG) and time (before and after intervention);
a
score was the sum of the number of correct responses.
Abbreviations: ADAS-Cog, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – Cognitive subscale; CG, control group; CI, confidence interval; DST-B, Digit Span Test – backward; DST-F, DST – forward; DTG, dumbbell-training group; SD, standard deviation; TMT-B, Trail Making Test part B.