Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochem Pharmacol. 2015 Sep 5;98(3):493–501. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.09.002

Figure 7. Proposed mechanisms of GSF-induced liver injury in mice.

Figure 7

CYP450-mediated GSF bioactivation leads to the formation of N-methyl PPIX, which inhibits the FECH-mediated conversion of PPIX to heme. Together with GSF-mediated induction of ALAS [9], the rate liming enzyme in heme synthesis, GSF treatment results in a significant accumulation of PPIX in the liver. PPIX and other endobiotics that are stuck in the liver because of PPIX-mediated bile duct blockage contribute to GSF-induced liver injury. Reactive metabolites generated by CYP450-mediated GSF bioactivation may also contribute to hepatotoxicity of GSF.