Table I.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of SCD patients comparing patients with gout and without gout.
| All | Gout (N = 13) | Non-Gout (N = 77) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years; mean (range) | 42·7 ± 13·1 (22–82) | 48 ± 14·4 (30–81) | 41·8 ± 12·7 (22–82) | 0·16 |
| Female Sex, N (%) | 52 (57·8%) | 6 (46·2%) | 46 (59·7%) | 0·38 |
| African-American, N (%) | 87 (96·7%) | 13 (100%) | 74 (96·1%) | >0·99 |
| SC Genotype, N (%) | 7 (7·8%) | 1 (7·7%) | 6 (7·8%) | >0·99 |
| Number of VOCs, mean ± SD (range) | 1·4 ± 1·6 (0–7) | 0·9 ± 1·3 (0–4) | 1·5 ± 1·6 (0–7) | 0·17 |
| Hydroxycarbamide, N (%) | 62 (68·9%) | 10 (76·9%) | 52 (67·5%) | 0·75 |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 4 (4·4%) | 1 (7·7%) | 3 (3·9%) | 0·47 |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 38 (42·2%) | 8 (61·5%) | 30 (39%) | 0·14 |
| Body mass index, median ± SD (range) | 25 ± 5·7 (16–43·6) | 23·4 ± 4·9 (19·2–36·1) | 25 ± 5·9 (16–43·6) | 0·98 |
| Gout (N = 13) | Non-Gout (N = 77) | P-value | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uric acid, µmol/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 795·6 ± 185·6 (477·4–1149·2) | 512·7 ± 176·8 (159·1–981·2) | <0·001 | <0·001 |
| VOC | 786·7 ± 194·5 (539·2–1016·6) | 442·0 ± 159·1 (132·6–848·6) | 0·001 | <0·001 |
| Gout flare | 689·5 ± 238·7 (397·8–1131·5) | |||
| White blood cell count, × 109/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 8·8 ± 3·9 (4·1–17·6) | 7·7 ± 2·9 (3·1–17·7) | 0·337 | 0·078 |
| VOC | 11·2 ± 8·4 (2·4–29·1) | 11·1 ± 4·7 (3·6–26·8) | 0·973 | 0·718 |
| Gout flare | 7·3 ± 4·1 (0·6–16·4) | |||
| Haemoglobin, g/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 78 ± 9 (61–90) | 88 ± 15 (58–123) | 0·002 | 0·024 |
| VOC | 80 ± 12 (61–93) | 92 ± 44 (55–396) | 0·111 | 0·335 |
| Gout flare | 80 ± 14 (57–98) | |||
| Platelet count, × 109/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 317·9 ± 129 (171·5–499·8 | 313·4 ± 103·5 (49–542) | 0·908 | 0·571 |
| VOC | 287·2 ± 135·1 (108·6–444·2 | 318 ± 112·8 (63–572) | 0·554 | 0·72 |
| Gout flare | 279·5 ± 154·7 (58 | |||
| LDH, u/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 571·6 ± 470·8 (188·8–1609) | 423·2 ± 183·2 (143·5–1209) | 0·283 | 0·043 |
| VOC | 532·2 ± 361·6 (269–1286) | 527·4 ± 216·5 (232–1268) | 0·974 | 0·984 |
| Gout flare | 487·1 ± 360·3 (204–1449) | |||
| Creatinine, µmol/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 185·6 ± 150·3 (53·0–565·8) | 70·7 ± 35·4 (35·4–194·5) | 0·047 | <0·001 |
| VOC | 247·5 ± 203·3 (88·4–574·6) | 61·9 ± 26·5 (26·5–185·6) | 0·073 | <0·001 |
| Gout flare | 203·3 ± 229·8 (53·0–813·3) | |||
| Total bilirubin, µmol/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 123·8 ± 53·0 (35·4–229·8) | 185·6 ± 106·1 (17·7–477·4) | 0·003 | 0·141 |
| VOC | 114·9 ± 70·7 (26·5–256·4) | 229·8 ± 123·8 (35·4–548·1) | 0·001 | 0·019 |
| Gout Flare | 97·2 ± 53·0 (17·7–194·5) | |||
| Reticulocyte Absolute, × 109/l, mean ± SD (range) | ||||
| Steady state | 175·6 ± 134·6 (53–503·9) | 220·5 ± 109·6 (27·7–515·6) | 0·272 | 0·441 |
| VOC | 165·4 ± 166·6 (7·3–443·7) | 237·2 ± 115·3 (0·9–545·1) | 0·273 | 0·21 |
| Gout flare | 112·6 ± 85·5 (4·2–318·1) | |||
VOC, vaso-occlusive crisis; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; SD, standard deviation.
*
Adjusted for age.