Table 5.
Percent of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Excellent or Good Health and Independent with Activities of Daily Living
| Overall Health | Functional Status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor | Excellent or Good Health | P† | AOR‡ (95 % CI) |
Independent ADLs* | P† | AOR‡ (95 % CI) |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–29 | 80.9 % | 0.97§ | 1.0 | 50.0 % | 0.24§ | 1.0 |
| 30–39 | 68.7 % | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 43.3 % | 1.6 (0.7–3.5) | ||
| 40 and Over | 82.9 % | 1.4 (0.5–3.7) | 41.7 % | 2.3 (1.1–5.3) | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 82.0 % | 0.01 | 1.0 | 47.9 % | 0.25 | 1.0 |
| Female | 66.7 % | 0.5 (0.2–1.0) | 39.7 % | 1.2 (0.6–2.5) | ||
| IQ | ||||||
| IQ > 70(Normal/Borderline) | 92.3 % | <0.01§ | 1.0 | 69.2 % | <0.01§ | 1.0 |
| IQ 40–69 (Moderate) | 83.3 % | 0.4 (0.0–3.8) | 26.9 % | 0.1 (0.0–0.5) | ||
| IQ <39 (Severe / Profound) | 64.0 % | 0.2 (0.0–2.2) | 22.0 % | 0.1 (0.0–0.5) | ||
| IQ Not Available | 79.3 % | 0.3 (0.0–3.0) | 66.7 % | 0.8 (0.2–3.0) | ||
| Health Conditions | ||||||
| Hypertension | ||||||
| No | 79.8 % | 0.14 | 1.0 | 45.1 % | 0.56 | — |
| Yes | 69.2 % | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 50.0 % | — | ||
| Constipation | ||||||
| No | 76.1 % | 0.19 | 1.0 | 49.2 % | 0.08 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 83.8 % | 2.9 (1.2–6.8) | 36.8 % | 0.9 (0.4–1.8) | ||
| GERD / Ulcer | ||||||
| No | 81.6 % | 0.01 | 1.0 | 45.1 % | 0.92 | — |
| Yes | 66.1 % | 0.5 (0.2–1.0) | 49.1 % | — | ||
| Diabetes | ||||||
| No | 78.3 % | 0.78 | 45.7 % | 0.76 | — | |
| Yes | 75.0 % | — | 50.0 % | — | ||
| Hypothyroidism | — | |||||
| No | 78.8 % | 0.50 | 46.3 % | 0.70 | — | |
| Yes | 73.1 % | — | 42.3 % | — | ||
| Seizure Disorder | — | |||||
| No | 81.3 % | 0.03 | 1.0 | 50.5 % | <0.01 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 62.3 % | 0.5 (0.2–0.9) | 26.5 % | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | ||
| Migraines | ||||||
| No | 79.1 % | 0.14 | 1.0 | 46.3 % | 0.60 | — |
| Yes | 61.5 % | 0.5 (0.1–1.8) | 38.5 % | — | ||
| Depression | ||||||
| No | 77.1 % | 0.33 | — | 42.9 % | 0.02 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 84.2 % | — | 63.2 % | 2.3 (1.0–5.4) | ||
| Anxiety | ||||||
| No | 78.7 % | 0.75 | — | 42.6 % | 0.12 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 76.9 % | — | 53.2 % | 1.3 (0.7–2.3) | ||
| Psychosis | ||||||
| No | 77.9 % | 0.66 | — | 45.7 % | 0.77 | — |
| Yes | 83.3 % | — | 50.0 % | — | ||
| ADHD | ||||||
| No | 80.2 % | 0.07 | 1.0 | 43.7 % | 0.11 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 67.5 % | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 57.5 % | 1.1 (0.5–2.5) | ||
| Bipolar Disorder | ||||||
| No | 77.7 % | 0.48 | — | 44.4 % | 0.05 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 85.7 % | — | 71.4 % | 2.6 (0.7–9.6) | ||
| Urinary Incontinence | ||||||
| No | 79.4 % | 0.25 | — | 48.9 % | 0.02 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 70.6 % | — | 26.5 % | 0.9 (0.4–2.4) | ||
| Dental Disease | ||||||
| No | 84.6 % | 0.01 | 1.0 | 50.0 % | 0.03 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 61.4 % | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 35.2 % | 1.1 (0.6–2.2) | ||
| Obesity | ||||||
| No | 77.5 % | 0.73 | — | 44.1 % | 0.45 | — |
| Yes | 79.4 % | — | 48.9 % | — | ||
*Percent of adults who are independent with all ADLs (eating, dressing, bathing, toileting)
† Chi Square test unless otherwise specified
‡ Logistic model includes age, gender, IQ, and health conditions with p < 0.2 on bivariate comparison
§ Cochran-Armitage Trend Test