Fig. 1.

The effect of 1 % Triton X-100 at 4 °C on porcine sperm and a scheme for the separation method used to obtain a soluble and insoluble membrane fraction from sperm, McArdle and MDCK cells. a Regional differences of solubilization of sperm membranes after subjection to 1 % Triton X-100 at 4 °C. An ultrathin section of a porcine sperm head visualized with transmission electron microscopy (samples were processed for transmission electron microscopy according to the method of Tsai et al. 2010). Scale bar 2 μm. The red area (at the equatorial surface area) is shown magnified below and shows that membrane structures are lost due to Triton  X-100 solubilization. The blue area (of the apical ridge surface area) is shown magnified on the right (rotated to the right by 90°) and insoluble membrane micro-domains are indicated as DRM. b A schematic representation for separating the DRM from the soluble membrane fraction and the cellular remnants