Table 1.
Cell-Based Assays Using E. coli DH10B pBCSK(−), Producing VIM-2, VIM-24 (R228L), and Other Variants
MIC (mg/L)
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E. coli pBC SK(−) | VIM-2 (228R) | VIM-24 (R228L) | R228K | R228P | R228M | R228Q | R228Y | R228Xc | |
ampicillin | 4 | 512 | 512 | 32 | 32 | 1024 | 1024 | 1024 | 64–512 |
cephalothin | 8 | 256 | 256 | 16 | 16 | 256 | 1024 | 256 | 64–256 |
ceftriaxone | 0.5 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 0.5 | 16 | 32 | 16 | 1–16 |
cefotaxime | 0.06 | 8 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 32 | 16 | 2–32 |
aztreonam | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 | ≤0.125 |
ceftazidime | 0.06 | 16 | 64 | 1 | 1 | 128 | 128 | 64 | 16–128 |
ceftazidime + Zna | ≤1 | 32 | 128 | ≤1 | 4 | 256 | 512 | 128 | 32–256 |
ceftazidime + EDTAb | ≤1 | 16 | 32 | ≤1 | ≤1 | 64 | 128 | 64 | 8–64 |
cefepime | 0.03 | 0.5 | 4 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 2 | 16 | 8 | 1–4 |
cefepime + Zna | ≤0.25 | 0.5 | 4 | ≤0.25 | 0.5 | 2 | 32 | 8 | 1–4 |
cefepime + EDTAb | ≤0.25 | 0.5 | 4 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.25 | 4 | 16 | 8 | 1–2 |
imipenem | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 0.25–1 |
imipenem + Zna | 0.25 | 1 | 1 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 4 | >4 | 1 | 0.5–2 |
imipenem + EDTAb | ≤0.125 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 | ≤0.125 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0.25–1 |
MHA supplemented with a final concentration of 250 μM Zn2+.
MHA supplemented with 5 μM EDTA.
Values shown in this column are the ranges of the MIC values obtained for the other variants. A complete list of the MICs is provided as Supporting Information.