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. 2015 Dec 3;5(4):546–567. doi: 10.3390/brainsci5040546

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© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The developmental decrease in REM sleep and calcium channel expression. (A) Developmental decrease in REM sleep as a percentage of sleep time (after [52]). In the rodent, the decrease occurs between 10 and 30 days before assuming adult levels; (B) Relative expression of N-type calcium channels (red lines) and P/Q-type calcium channels (blue lines) at 10 vs. 30 days in punches from brain slices containing the PPN. Three replications in each of double samples showed that N-type channel expression significantly decreased >75%, while P/Q-type channel expression decreased <30%; (C) Relative expression of N-type calcium channels (red lines) and P/Q-type calcium channels (blue lines) at 10 vs. 30 days in punches from brain slices containing the hippocampus (HIPP). N-type calcium channel (red lines) expression did not change between 10 and 30 days, while P/Q-type calcium channel (blue lines) expression increased ~50% during the same period in the HIPP. Results suggest a PPN-specific decrease in N-type channel expression during the developmental decrease in REM sleep [4].