Table 1.
Demographics of Study Participants by Gender
| Variables | Male |
Female |
Total |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Gender | 3 632 | 68.0 | 1 706 | 32.0 | 5338 | 100 |
| Educational level | ||||||
| Elementary | 30 | 0.8 | 15 | 0.9 | 45 | 0.8 |
| Junior high school | 720 | 19.8 | 378 | 22.1 | 1 098 | 20.6 |
| High school | 2 071 | 57.0 | 930 | 54.5 | 3 001 | 56.2 |
| College or university | 811 | 22.4 | 383 | 22.5 | 1 194 | 22.4 |
| Job title | ||||||
| Blue collar worker | 3 164 | 87.2 | 1 366 | 80.1 | 4 530 | 84.9 |
| Assistant worker | 161 | 4.4 | 104 | 6.1 | 265 | 5.0 |
| Technician | 218 | 6.0 | 161 | 9.4 | 379 | 7.0 |
| Manager | 89 | 2.4 | 75 | 4.4 | 164 | 3.1 |
| Age | ||||||
| −25 | 806 | 22.2 | 279 | 16.4 | 1 085 | 20.3 |
| 25–30 | 790 | 21.7 | 238 | 14.0 | 1 028 | 19.3 |
| 30–40 | 1 298 | 35.7 | 695 | 40.6 | 1 993 | 37.3 |
| >40 | 738 | 20.4 | 494 | 29.0 | 1 232 | 23.1 |
| Total | 3 632 | 68.0 | 1 706 | 32.0 | 5 338 | 100 |
| Years of service | ||||||
| −5 | 1 766 | 48.6 | 744 | 43.6 | 2 510 | 47.0 |
| 5–15 | 839 | 23.1 | 376 | 22.0 | 1 215 | 22.8 |
| 15–20 | 687 | 18.9 | 392 | 23.0 | 1 079 | 20.2 |
| >20 | 340 | 6.4 | 194 | 11.4 | 534 | 10.0 |
| Total | 3 632 | 68.0 | 1 706 | 32.0 | 5 338 | 100 |
| Cigarette smoking | ||||||
| Yes | 1 935 | 53.3 | 35 | 2.1 | 1 970 | 36.9 |
| No | 1 697 | 46.7 | 1 671 | 97.9 | 3 368 | 63.1 |
| Alcohol drinking | ||||||
| Yes | 2 062 | 56.8 | 80 | 4.7 | 2 142 | 40.1 |
| No | 1 570 | 43.2 | 1 626 | 95.3 | 3 196 | 59.9 |
| Depressive symptoms | 1 277 | 33.8 | 473 | 27.7 | 1 700 | 31.8 |
| Simultaneous exposure to demand- control and to effort-reward imbalance |
||||||
| DC and ERI present | 750 | 20.6 | 278 | 16.3 | 1 028 | 19.3 |
| ERI and OC present | 777 | 21.4 | 274 | 16.1 | 1 051 | 19.7 |
| DC and SS present | 720 | 19.8 | 292 | 17.1 | 1 012 | 19.0 |