Table 1. Clinical characteristics of included subjects.

	Preterm newborns (n = 97)	Term newborns (n = 35)	P value
Maternal age (years)	31 ± 6	31 ± 5	0.79
Gravidity	2 (1–3)	2 (1–3)	0.99
Parity	0 (0–1)	1 (0–2)	0.60
Gestational (weeks)	29 ± 2	40 ± 1	<0.001
Full course antenatal steroids	70 (72%)	0	<0.001
PPROM	26 (27%)	0	0.001
Caesarean section	65 (67%)	0	<0.001
Placenta weight (grams)	260 ± 85	473 ± 78	<0.001
Preterm reference group	17 (18%)	28 (80%)	<0.001
HC	18 (19%)	6 (17%)
HCF	23 (24%)	1 (3%)
Preeclampsia	14 (14%)	0
Preeclampsia + HELLP	25 (26%)	0
Male gender	56 (58%)	20 (57%)	0.95
Birth weight (grams)	1162 ± 340	3501 ± 436	<0.001
SGA	23 (24%)	0	0.002
In-hospital mortality	13 (13%)	0	0.025

Numbers represent number and percentage of newborns or mothers in which characteristic is present for categorical data; median and interquartile range for ordinal data; and mean ± SD for continuous data. Differences between the included preterm and term subjects were tested using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Student t-test, as appropriate. Abbreviations: PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes; HELLP, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count; HC, histologic chorioamnionitis; HCF, histologic chorioamnionitis with funisitis; SGA, small for gestational age.